td;dpr; nryT (11)

,e;jf; nfhl;bYf;fh khjk; &gh 9>500 thil?

ef;fPud;

Mizf;FO ,d;ndhU iff; Fz;ilAk; tPrpaJ. mJ vd;dntd;why; rdhjpgjp gpNukjhrhTf;Nf Kd;dhs; mikr;rH yypj; mj;Jyj;Kjypia jPHj;Jf; fl;Ltjw;F mjpfgl;r cs;Nehf;fk; (strongest possible motive to eliminate Athulathmuthali )  ,Ue;jJ vd Mizf;FO jdJ mwpf;ifapy; Fwpg;gpl;lJ. mj;Jyj;Kjypapd; nfhiy kpf El;gkhfj; jpl;lkplg;gl;L ghjhs cyfr; rz;baHfspd; cjtpAld; epiwNtw;wg;gl;lJ vd mwpf;if $wpaJ.

gpNukjhrh nfhiyAz;l NghJ mtuJ kfs; JyhQ;[yp n[anfhb mJ gw;wp tprhupf;f xU jdp Mizf;FO mikf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W rdhjpgjp tp[aJq;fhtplk; Nfl;bUe;jhH. gpd;dH rdhjpgjp re;jpupfh Ml;rpf;F te;jNghJ mtuplk; mNj Nfhupf;ifia Kd; itj;jhH. mg;NghJ mtH mwpe;jpUf;ftpy;iy ,e;j Mizf; FO %yk; gpNukjhrhtpd; ngaUf;F NrW G+rg;gLk; vd;w cz;ik.

Mizf;FO ,uFehjid rjp nra;J nfhiy nra;jhHfs; vd;W Fw;wr; rhl;by; 6 NgUf;F vjpuhf eltbf;if vLf;FkhW gupe;Jiu nra;jJ. mjpy;  6tJ ,lj;jpy; rpwpNrd $Nuapd; ngaH ,Ue;jJ!

rpwpNrd $Nu [hjpf;f tpKf;jp nguKdtpd; (N[tpgp) ,d;iwa jiytH Nrhktd;r mkurpq;fhtpw;F mtuJ jk;gp jpUkzk; nra;j Kiwapy; cwtpdH vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

tp[atPu fhyj;jpy; nfhs;isabj;j njhd; fzf;fhd eifAk; Nfhbf;fzf;fhd gzKk; Nrhktd;r mkurpq;fhtpd; ifapy; rpf;fpanjd;Wk; mjpy; xU gFjp gzk; rpwpNrd $Nuapd; itg;gff; fzf;fpy; Nghlg;gl;lJ vd;Wk; xU fij mg;NghJ  mbgl;lJ. mjidf; rpwpNrd $Nu gykhf kWj;jpUe;jhH.

gpNukjhrhtpd; murpay; EisT nfhOk;G khefurig Clhfj;jhd; njhlq;fpaJ. jdJ 25 MtJ mfitapy; St.Sebastian tl;lhuj;jpy; Nghl;bapl;L nfhOk;G khefurigf;Fj; NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;lhH. gpd;dH mjd; Jiz NkauhfTk; njupT nra;ag;gl;lhH.

mjd; gpd;dH 1956 Mk; Mz;L ele;j nghJj; NjHjypy; nfhOk;G kj;jpa njhFjpapy; Nghl;bapl;Lj; Njhy;tp mile;jhH. Mdhy; 1965 khHr;R khjk; ele;j nghJj; NjHjypy; mNj nfhOk;G kj;jpa njhFjpapy; Nghl;bapl;L 3tJ eh.cWg;gpduhfj; njupT nra;ag;gl;lhH.

1965,y; If;fpa Njrpaf;fl;rp - jkpouRf; fl;rp ,uz;Lk; NrHe;j mikj;j  Njrpa murpy; cs;Suhl;rp mikr;rpd; ehlhSkd;w nrayhsuhf ll;yp Nrdehaf;fhtpdhy; epakpf;fg;gl;lhH.

gpNukjhrhtpd; murpay; njhlf;f fhyj;jpy; NjHjy; nryTfSf;F nfhOk;gpy; thzpfk; nra;j jkpoHfNs ngupJk; nghUSjtp nra;jhHfshk;. Fwpg;ghf fQ;rh nry;iyah> nghl;Nll;Nuh rz;Kfk; vd;w ,UtuJ ngaHfs; mbgLtJz;L.

1964,y; ele;j murhq;f vOJtpidQH rq;f Mz;L khehl;by; nghJr; nrayhsH gjtpf;F kPz;Lk; Nghl;bapl jpU. ghyRg;gpukzpak; tpUk;gtpy;iy.

,e;jf; fhyg; gFjpapy; rq;fj;jpy; ,U mzpfs; cUntLj;jpUe;jd. xU mzp jkpo; mur CopaHfs; jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;lj;jpdhy; ,oe;j cupikfis ntd;nwLg;gjw;F ePjpkd;wj;jpy; tof;Ffis Kw;wpYk; ek;gp ,uhky; jPtpu murpay; Nghuhl;lk; %yk; ntd;nwLf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W epidj;j jPtputhj mzp.  

kw;iwa mzp ,jw;F khwhd kpjthj epiyia vLj;jJ.

,e;j ,uz;L mzpapYk;  Nruhj %d;whtJ mzpAk; ,Ue;jJ. Mdhy; mtHfsJ vz;zpf;if mjpfkhf ,Uf;ftpy;iy.

,jdhy; jiytH ePq;fyhf nghJr;nrayhsH> nghUshsH> nray;FO cWg;gpdH gjtpfSf;Ff; fLikahd Nghl;b epytpaJ. Kf;fpakhf nghJr; nrayhsH gjtpf;F fLikahd Nghl;b ,Ue;jJ. ehd; me;jg; gjtpf;Fj;jhd; Nghl;b ,l;Nld;.

xU ehlhSkd;wj; NjHjiy nty;Yk; mstpy; rq;f cWg;gpdHfspilNa gfy; ,uT vd;W ghuhky; MjuT jpul;lg;gl;lJ.

ehd; Neubahff; fsk; ,wq;fp MjuT jpul;ltpy;iy. ez;gHfNs mjidr; nra;jhHfs;.  

Kbtpy; ehd; 4 mjpfg;gbahd thf;Ffshy; ntw;wp ngw;Nwd;.  

jiytuhf jpU.nr.NfhB];tud; kPz;Lk; njupT nra;ag;gl;lhH. mtUf;Fg; Nghl;bapUf;ftpy;iy.

jpU. ghyRg;gpukzpak; mikr;rupd; jdpr; nrayhsuhf ,Ue;j  fhyj;jpy; rl;lf; fy;Yhupapy; gbj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhH. gpd;dH gl;lk; ngw;W ntspNawpdhH. filrpahf mur gzpapy; ,Ue;J Xa;T ngw;W aho;g;ghzj;jpy; njhopy; Gupe;jhH. mg;NghJ ehDk; aho;g;ghz khefu rigapy; gzp (1966-1972) gzpapy; ,Ue;Njd;.

jpU. ghyRg;gpukzpak; vOj;jhsH jpU. mk;gpifghfd; (mk;gp) cld;gpwg;G. goFtjw;F kpfTk; ,dpikahdtH. ehd; gbj;j mNj fy;Yhupapy;jhd; mtUk; gbj;jhH.

me;j ehl;fspy; (1965-66) ehd; cs;Suhl;rp mikr;rH jpUr;nry;tj;ij murhq;f vOJtpidQH rq;fj;jpd; nghJr; nrayhsH vd;w KiwapYk; jkpo; muRf; fl;rpapd; jPtpu Mjuthsd; vd;w KiwapYk; mbf;fb nrd;W re;jpg;gJ tof;fk;. mg;gbg; NghFk; NghJ cs;Suhl;rp mikr;rpd; ehlhSkd;w nrayhsuhf ,Ue;j gpNukjhrhtpd; miwiaj; jhz;bj;jhd; Nghf Ntz;Lk;.

mikr;rupd; jdpr; nrayhsuhf jpU.,.ghyRg;gpukzpak; ,Ue;jhH. ,tH murhq;f vOJtpidQH rq;fj;jpd; njhlf;ffhy cWg;gpdH. mjd; Kjy; nghJr; nrayhsUk; mtNujhd;.  

'ehd; vg;NghJ NghNtd; jhd; vg;NghJ te;J ,e;j ,Uf;ifapy; ,Uf;fyhk; vd gpNukjhrh fhj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwhH' vd ,uz;nlhU Kiw mikr;rH jpUr;nry;tk; fijNahL fijahf vdf;Fr; nrhd;dJ Qhgfj;jpy; ,Uf;fpwJ.

mikr;rH jpUr;nry;tk; nrhd;dJ NghyNt me;j ehs; kpf tpiutpy; te;jJ.

Njthug; ghly; ngw;w jpUf;NfhNzRtuj;ij Rw;wpAs;s gFjpia Gdpjg; gpuNjrkhf mwptpf;f cs;@uhl;rp mikr;rH vd;w Kiwapy; jpUr;nry;tk; xU Mizf; FOit epakpj;jhH. Mdhy; me;j eltbf;ifia gTj;j gpf;Ffs; fLikahf vjpHj;jhHfs;. Neupy; nrd;W gpujkH ll;yp Nrdehaf;fhtplk; Kiwapl;lhHfs;.

gpujkH clNd me;j Mizf; FOitf; fiyf;FkhW gzpj;jhH. mjd; cl;nghUisg; Gupe;J nfhz;l mikr;rH jpUr;nry;tk; jdJ gjtpia 1968 nrg;njk;gH 19 Mk; ehs; iffOtpdhH.   

mij mLj;J gpNukjhrh cs;Suhl;rp mikr;ruhfg; gjtp Vw;whH. mtuJ gjtpf; fhyj;jpy; fPupkiyf; Nfzpia jpUj;jpf; fl;b mjd; epidthf xU fy;iyAk; mq;F ehl;bapUe;jhH. mjid gpd;dH xUKiw mq;F NghdNghJ ghHj;Njd;.

1977 ,y; N[.MH. NjHjypy; mNkhf ntw;wp ngw;W mikr;rH mitapy; ,lk; ngWk; mikr;rHfsJ ngaHfis mwptpf;F Kd;dNu gpNukjhrh jhd;jhd; mLj;j gpujkH>  cs;Suhl;rp kw;Wk; Njrpa tPl;Lthupaj;Jiw mikr;rH vd;W mwptpj;J tpl;lhH. me;jsT nry;thf;F mtUf;F fl;rpf;Fs; ,Ue;jJ. Rpq;fsj;jpy; ey;y Ngr;Rtd;ik gilj;jtuhf tpsq;fpdhH.   

gpNukjhrh jdJ gjtpf; fhyj;jpy; vy;NyhiuAk; itf;fpw ,lj;jpy; itj;jpUe;jhH. mjpfhupfis kl;Lky;y mikr;rHfisAk; ,Uj;jp vOg;gpdhH. yypj; mj;Jyj;KjypAk; fhkpdp jprehaf;fhTk; gpujkH gpNukjhrhTf;f vjpuhfg; NghHf;nfhb Jhf;fpajw;F ,e;j rHthjpfhuKk;  xU fhuzk;.  

nfhOk;G kj;jpa njhFjp eh.cWg;gpdH vd;w Kiwapy; nfhOk;G efu tsHr;rpapy; gpNukjhrh mjpf mf;fiw fhl;bdhH. khefurigapd; tsq;fis mjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;j jtwtpy;iy.

gpNukjhrh epj;jpiu nfhs;Sk; Neuk; ntF FiwT. ,uT 11 kzpf;Fg; gLj;J fhiy 4 kzpf;Nf vOk;gp tpLthH. vOk;gpa ifNahL jdJ jfg;gdhH tPl;Lf;Fg; Ngha; fpzw;wpy; thspahy; ms;spf; Fspg;ghH. me;j ,uT Neuj;jpYk; mtuplk; kDf; nfhLf;f ngupa $l;lk; fhj;jpUf;Fk;.

nts;is ntNsH vd;w Ntl;b cLj;J Njrpa cilapy; vg;NghJk; gspr;nrd;W fhl;rp mspg;ghH. Mq;fpyj;jpy; spick and span (neat and clean) vd;W nrhy;thHfs;. fhiy 5 kzpf;nfy;yhk; nra;jpj; jhs;fisg; gbj;J Kbj;J tpLthH.

mjw;fg;Gwk; mikr;R mjpfhupfs;> Fwpg;ghf khefurig mjpfhupfSf;F fl;lisfs; njhiyNgrp %yk; gwf;Fk;.  ',d;d ,lj;jpy; tPjp Fz;Lk; FopAkhf ,Uf;fpwJ. ,d;d  ,lj;jpy; k;pd;rhuf; Fkpo; gOjile;J Ngha;tpl;lJ. ,d;d ,lj;jpy; jz;zPH Foha; cile;J tPzhfpwJ  mijnay;yhk; ,d;Nw rupnra;J tpl;L kW Ntiy ghUq;fs;' ,g;gbj;jhd; mtuJ fl;lisfs; mjpubahf ,Uf;Fk;.

gpNukjhrh fl;blq;fs; fl;lNth my;yJ tPLfs; fl;lNth KbT nra;jhy; mjw;Fupa nryTf;F mjpfhupfs; top fhz Ntz;Lk;. 'tuT nryTj; jpl;lj;jpy; nryT xJf;fPL nra;atpy;iy' vd;w gjpiy gpNukjhrhTf;F nrhy;y KbahJ. gzk; ,y;yhtpl;lhy; gzj;ijf; fz;Lgpbg;gJ mjpfhupfsJ nghWg;G. mjidf; fr;rpjkhfr; nra;af; $batHfs; jkpoHfs; vd;gjpy; ahUf;Fk; fUj;J NtWghby;iy.

gpNukjhrh vs; Nfl;lhy; vz;nza; nfhLf;ff; $ba ,uz;L jkpoHfis nghWg;ghd ,lj;jpy; itj;jpUe;jhH. xUtH mikr;Rr; nrayhsH gh];fuypq;fk;. kw;wtH jpiwr;Nrup nrayhsH rz;Kfypq;fk;.

jkpo; mjpfhupfis ,g;gb itj;jpUg;gjpy; gy ed;ikfs; ,Ue;jd.

Xd;W Neufhyk; ghHf;fhky; Ntiy nra;thHfs;.

,uz;L ,uz;lfk; nra;a khl;lhHfs;.

%d;W ,ufrpaq;fis ntspapy; frpatpl khl;lhHfs;.  

,t;thW nfhOk;G thioj; Njhl;lj;jpy; (nfry;tj;ij) xU rhjhuz FLk;gj;jpy;> rhjp mLf;fpd; fPo; mLf;fpy; gpwe;j gpNukjhrh jdJ fLk; ciog;ghYk; tplh Kaw;rpahYk; ehl;bd; rdhjpgjpahf caHe;jhH. ,J xU mRu rhjid.

`tnyhf; tPjp topahfg; gazpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j ehq;fs; nts;stj;ijf;F jpUk;g Ntz;ba njUitf; Nfhl;il tpl;Ltpl;Nlhk;. ,jdhy; mLj;j re;jpapy; njw;Fg; gf;fkha; jpUk;gp  njfptis Clhfr; nrd;W  fhyp tPjpapy; kpje;Njhk;.

nts;stj;ij $l vdf;Fg; Gjpjhf ,Ue;jJ.  High Street vd;W miof;fg;gl;l W.A.rpy;th khtj;ij milahsk; njupahky; khwpapUe;jJ.

xUthW ney;rd; tPjpiaf; tprhupj;J fz;L gpbj;Njhk;. gliy cs;shNy G+l;b ,Ue;jJ. rj;jk; Nghl;L $g;gpl;lNghJ tPl;Lf;fhuH te;J jpwe;jhH. ehq;fs; ghHf;f Ntz;batuJ ngaiur; nrhd;dNghJ NeNu gpd; gf;fk; NghFk;gb ifiaf; fhl;bdhH.

mq;F Nghdhy; ehiye;J rpd;dr; rpd;d gpd;fl;blg;gFjpfs; (Annexes) fhzg;gl;ld. mtw;Ws; kUkf;fs; ,Ue;j gpd;fl;blj;Jf;Fs; Eise;j NghJ kdJf;Fs; ngupa Vkhw;wk;. ,e;jr; rpd;df; nfhl;bYf;fh khjk; &gh 9>500 thil nfhLf;fpwhHfs;? ek;gNt Kbatpy;iy.

khjk; &gh 9>500 f;F khspif ,y;yhtpl;lhYk; xU ruhrup tPl;by; MtJ ,Ug;ghHfs; vd;W vjpHghHj;Njd;.

tPl;bd; msTf;Nfw;wthW rpd;d Nrhgh> rpd;df; fjpiufs; thq;fpg; Nghl;bUe;jhHfs;. mjpy; xd;wpy; mkHe;J fz;fis Nehl;lk; tpl;lNghJ ,uz;nlhU fug;ghd; G+r;rpfs; jiuapy; RtH Xukhf FWf;Fk; neLf;Fkha; Xbf; nfhz;bUg;gJ njupe;jJ. (gazk; njhlUk;)    

td;dpr; nryT (12)

kiyapy; gr;irf; fk;gsq;fs;     

ef;fPud;

kUkf;fs; ,Utupy; xUtH gbj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhH. ,d;ndhUtH xU gs;spapy;; gbg;gpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhH. ,UtUk; fdlh nry;tjw;F tprhTf;F fhj;jpUe;jhHfs;.  Jizf;F mtHfsJ jha;khkd; mtHfNshL jq;fp ,Ue;jhH.

tprh ,d;Dk; tutpy;iyah? fNdba Jhjufk; vd;d nrhy;fpwJ? vd;W Nfl;Nld;.

,q;Nf fyhjud; thndhypapy; nrhy;tijj;jhd; mtHfSk; nrhd;dhHfs;.

'xt;nthU KiwAk; mJ gpio ,J gpio vd;W nrhy;yp jpUg;gp mDg;G tpLfpwhd;fs;. filrpahf te;j fbjj;jpy; ,uhkehjd; ikjpyp vd;W gpwg;G rhd;wpjopy; ,Uf;Fk; ngaiu ikjpyp ,uhkehjd; vd khw;wp mDg;Gk;gb Nfl;bUf;fpwhHfs;.

jkpoHfs; FLk;gg; ngaiu itj;Jf; nfhs;shjjhy; vOfpw rpf;fy; ,J. fdlhtpw;F murpay; milf;fyk; Nfhup te;jtHfSf;F ,e;jr; rpf;fy; njhlf;fj;jpy; ,Ue;jJ.

ghuq;fis epug;Gk; NghJ 'cq;fSila family name vd;d? cq;fSila surname vd;d? cq;fSila first name vd;d vd;W Nfl;ghHfs;. gyiu ,J jpf;F Kf;fhl itj;JtpLk;.

cz;ikapy; family name (FLk;gg; ngaH) kw;Wk; surname    (filrpg; ngaH) ,uz;Lk; xd;Wjhd;.

fNdbaj; jkpoHfs; xd;wpy; jq;fsJ ngaiu my;yJ mtHfsJ mg;ghtpd; ngaiu FLk;gg; ngauhf itj;Js;shHfs;.  

,g;gb FLk;gg; ngaH thioab thioahf te;J nfhz;bUg;gJ kpfTk; ey;yJ. gy Ehw;whz;Lfs; nrd;whYk; me;jf; FLk;gj;jpd; nfhbia mwpe;J nfhs;s ,J gad;gLk;;. ,g;NghJ gyUf;F ghl;ld; ngaH njupAk;. mjw;F Nky; nfhg;ghl;ld; ngaH Nfl;lhy; tpopg;ghHfs;.

kiyahspfs; FLk;gg; ngaiuj;jhd; jq;fs; filrpg; ngauhf itj;Jf; nfhs;fpwhHfs;. rpy fpwpj;Jt jkpoHfSk; mg;gbr; nra;fpwhHfs;. Nkw;Fyf ehLfspy; ,Jjhd; toik. Tpjptpyf;Ff; fpilahJ. 

,g;NghJ kUkf;fs; ,UtUk; jhNahL te;J NrHe;J tpl;lhHfs;. tprh nfhLg;gij Jupjg;gLj;jg;gl;ljw;F me;jj; njhFjp ehlhSkd;w cWg;gpdH jiyaPL fhuzkhf ,Uf;fyhk;. ,e;j xd;wpy;jhd;> mJTk; jFe;j fhuzkpd;wp tprh nfhLg;gJ jhkjkhfpwJ vd;w epiyapy;jhd;> ehlhSkd;w cWg;gpdH jiyapl;L mjid tpiuT gLj;jr; nrhy;yyhk;. kw;wg;gb mjpfhupfsJ flikapy; ehlhSkd;w cWg;gpdHfs; jiyapLtij mtHfs; tpUk;Gtjpy;iy.

fNdba ehlhSkd;w cWg;gpdHfs; jq;fs; njhFjpapy; mYtyfk; kw;Wk; cjtpahsHfis itj;jpUf;fpwhHfs;. mjw;Fupa nryit ika muR <L nra;fpd;wJ.

kj;jpa ehlhSkd;w cWg;gpdHfSf;F toq;fg;gLk; rYiffs; khfhz ehlhSkd;w  kw;Wk; cs;Suhl;rp rig cWg;gpdHfSf;Fk; toq;fg;gLfpwJ.

vdJ njhFjp eh.cWg;gpdiu nghJg; gzp njhlHghf gy jlit re;jpj;Jg; NgfpapUf;fpNwd;. Mdhy; khfhz ehlhSkd;w  cWg;gpdiu xU juk; jd;Dk; re;jpf;ftpy;iy. mjw;fhd mtrpak; votpy;iy.

NjHjy; Neuj;jpy; $l thf;fhsH tPl;Lf; fjTfis ,tHfs; jl;Ltjpy;iy. mtHfsJ MjuthsHfs;  kl;Lk; fjitj; jl;lhky; thrypy; Jz;Lg; gpuRuq;fisg; Nghl;Ltpl;Lg; Ngha;tpLthHfs;.

khefu rig cWg;gpdH fij rw;W tpj;jpahrkhdJ.  xU khefu tl;lhuk; xU  ehlhSkd;wj; njhFjpapy; rup ghjp. ,jdhy; khefu rig Ntl;ghsHfs; kl;Lk; thf;Fr; Nrfupf;f tPL tPlhfg; NghfpwhHfs;.

,g;NghJ kzp fhiy xd;gJ. ml;lDf;Fg; Gwg;gl;L tpl;Nlhk;. Mdhy; fhyp tPjpapy; tz;b mq;Fyk; mq;Fykhf efHe;J nfhz;bUe;jJ. gs;spf; $lg; gps;isfs; rhiu rhiuahf tPjpfspd; FWf;Nf ele;J nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;.

Koj;Jf;F Kok; Nghf;Ftuj;J fhty;JiwapdH epd;whYk; fhy;eilf; flitia ve;j tz;bNahl;bAk; kjpj;jhfj; njupatpy;iy. tz;bfSk; efHe;J nfhz;bUe;jd. fhy;eilf;fhuUk; efHe;J nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;.

Ng&e;ij my;yJ jdpahH rpw;Whe;ijg; gpbg;gtHfs; ePz;l tupirapy; fhj;jpUe;jhHfs;. Mdhy; tz;b te;jJk; tupirapy; epd;wtHfs; tupiriaf; Fog;gpf; nfhz;L Kz;b mbj;J VwpdhHfs;.

nta;apy; NtW nfhSj;jpajhy; cly; NtHj;jJ. nts;stj;ijapy; ,Ue;J Nfhl;il tu fpl;lj;jl;l xd;wiu kzpj;jpahyq;fs; vLj;jd!

vkJ rhujp tz;bia kpf Ntfkhf Xl;bf; nfhz;L NghdhH. nfhOk;G- ml;ld; neLQ;rhiyap;d; njhlf;fk; fsdp Mw;Nwhukhf mike;jpUf;fpwJ. rLjp rLjpahf gpNwf; gpbg;ghH. tz;bapd; Xl;LeUk; nrhe;jf;fhuUk; xUtNu! vdNt ehd; mijg;gw;wpf; ftiyg; gltpy;iy.

neLQ;rhiyapd; ,U kUq;fpYk; ey;y ey;y tPLfs;. vy;yh tPLfspYk; thio> njd;id> gyh> <ug;gyh  kuq;fisf; fhzyhk;. Mz;Lf;F ,UKiw fha;f;Fk; <ug;gyh vspa rpq;fs kf;fspd; czT. mjid mtpj;J fl;ilr; rk;gNyhL rhg;gpLthHfs;.  my;yJ fwp fha;r;RfpwhHfs;.

<ug;gyh tlfpof;F ntl;gjg;gj;jpy; cz;lhtjpy;iy. ntF mUikahfj;jhd; rpy tPLfspy; fhzg;gLfpwJ. kpfTk; gaDs;s ,e;j kuj;ij nra;if nra;a KbAnkd;why; mjidf; fl;lhak; nra;a Ntz;Lk;.

Njd; Nkw;Fg; gFjpapy; kio fpl;lj;jl;l Mz;L KOJk; nga;fpwJ. njd;Nkw;Fg; gUtf; fhw;Wf; fhyj;jpy;jhd; mjpf kio nga;fpwJ.

,UkUq;Fk; tay; ntspfs;. njhlHe;J ePz;l Jhuj;Jf;F ,ug;gH Njhl;lq;fs;. xU ,ug;gH Njhl;lj;ijf; flf;f rpy rkak; 15 epkplq;fs; vLf;fpwJ.

Kd;dH vy;yhk; ,ug;gH kuj;jpy; ,Ue;J topAk; ghiy Njq;fha;r; rpul;ilfspy; thuk; xU Kiw Nrfupg;ghHfs;. ,g;NghJ gpsh];;bf; ghj;jpuq;fisg; gad;gLj;JfpwhHfs;.

njd;dpyq;ifapy; rpul;il gpsh];jpf;fh khwpaJ Nghd;W aho;g;ghzf; Flhehl;by; fs;S Kl;bfs; gpsh];jpf; Nghj;jy;fshf khwptpl;ld!  

,ug;gH kuj;jpd; mbapy; xU ntl;Lg; Nghl;lhy; mjpypUe;J ghy; frpaj; njhlq;Fk;. me;jg; ghy; kuj;ijr; Rw;wp fl;bAs;s ghj;jpuj;jpy; tpOk;. gpd;dH mtw;iw thspfspy; Cw;wp njhopw;rhiyf;F vLj;Jr; nry;fpwhHfs;.

rkntspapy; Xba tz;b ,g;NghJ tisthd rhiyapy; XbaJ. nfhOk;gpy; ,Ue;J ml;ld; 70 iky; Jhuk; NeH fpof;Nf ,Uf;fpwJ. ,e;jj; Jhuj;ijf; thdpy; flf;f ruhrup 3 kzpj;jpahyk; vLf;fpwJ. njhlHtz;b mijg; Nghy; ,d;ndhU klq;F Neuj;ij vLf;Fk;.

thd; $yp ,UtopAk; &gh 3>000. gUthapy;iy. fNdba ehzaj;jpy; RkhH 42 nlhyH.

fle;j 6 khjq;fspy; ,yq;if &ghapd; ngWkjp 6 tpOf;fhL tPo;r;rp fz;Ls;sJ. xU mnkupf;f nlhyiu &gh 97 gbjhd; fhg;gfj;jpy; khw;wpNdhk;.  fpspnehr;rpapy; kl;Lk; &gh 99 gb khw;wpj; je;jhHfs;. ,g;NghJ mNj nlhyupd; ngWkjp &gh 104!

topapy; fhiy czTf;fhf tz;bia epWj;jpNdhk;. mJ rpq;fstH elj;Jk;  x U ruhrup cztfk;.

,bag;gk;> nts;isag;gk;> ghz; vy;yhk; itj;jpUe;jhHfs;. ehd; rhg;gpLfpw kdg;Nghf;fpy; ,y;iy. ,Uf;fpw Nkir fjpiu mtw;wpd; epwk;> gupkhWfpw CopaHfspd; cil> Njhw;wk; kdJf;F jpUg;jpahf ,Uf;ftpy;iy. NjePH kl;Lk;  Fbj;Njd;. kw;wtHfs; jq;fs; jq;fSf;Fg; gpbj;j czitf; Nfl;L thq;fpr; rhg;gpl;lhHfs;.

fhR nfhLf;fpw ,lj;jpy; xU CopaH mg;NghJjhd; ngl;bia cilj;J mg;gps; goq;fis fz;zhb mYkhupf;Fs; mLf;fpf; nfhz;L ,Ue;jhH. mT];jpNuypahtpy; ,Ue;J ,wf;Fkjp nra;ag;gl;l McIntosh tif mg;gps; goq;fs;. vd;d tpiy vd;W vdf;Fj; njupe;j rpq;fsj;jpy; Nfl;Nld;. xd;W &gh 15 vd;W kWnkhop te;jJ. gUthapy;iyNa gj;J gok; jUkhW Nfl;Nld;.

tpkhd epiyaj;jpy; khw;wpa ,yq;if gzj;jpy; ,Ue;J ,uz;L EhW &gh jhs;fisf; fz;L gpbj;J nkhj;jkhf &gh 200; nfhLj;Njhk;. ehq;fs; gzj;ij ifahz;l tpjk; mijf; fzf;nfLj;j tpjk; ,uz;ilAk; itj;J ehq;fs; ntspA+H vd;W fhrhsH fz;L gpbj;J tpl;lhH. mJ mtuJ rpupg;gpy; ,Ue;J njupe;jJ.

ehd; ,e;jg; gaz fhyk; KOJk; ,yq;if ehzaj;ijf; ifahy; njhlNt ,y;iy. me;jsT Jhuk; mit gpa;e;J iee;J mOf;Nfwpf; fhzg;gl;ld.  mjw;F xU fhuzk; mr;rbj;j &gha; jhs;fspd; juk;. mtw;iwf; ifahz;lhy; fl;lhak; rhg;gpLKd; Nrhg; Nghl;Lf; iffisf; fOt Ntz;Lk;.

Vd; ,t;tsT mOf;fhd jhs;fis Gof;fj;jpy; tpLfpwhHfs; vd;W KZKZj;Njd;.

fhirg; gw;wp mg;gbg; Ngrf; $lhJ mJ nry;tk; vd;W JiztpahH fbe;J nfhz;lhH.

tPLfspy; tpsf;Nfw;wpa gpwF gzf; nfhLg;gdit ahUk; itj;Jf; nfhs;tjpy;iy. fhuzk; rPNjtp tPl;il tpl;Lg; Ngha;tpLk; vd;w gak;. ,e;jg; gak; ,g;NghJk; ,Uf;fpwjh njupatpy;iy.

tz;b ,g;NghJ tise;J tise;J cau caug; Ngha;f; nfhz;bUe;jJ. fpl;lj;jl;l fly; kl;lj;jpy; ,Ue;J 2>200 mb cauk;. ntg;gk; Fiwe;J rhilahd FspH fhw;W tPrpf; nfhz;bUe;jJ.

Ig;gJ EhW ahUf;F xU Kiw tyk; ,lk; vd;W tz;b 90 ghif Nfhzq;fspy; jpUk;gpaJ. Jhuj;jpy; tz;bfs; tUtJ njupe;jd. Mdhy; ,ilapy; tUk;NghJ mit njuptjpy;iy. rLjpahf Kd;Df;F tUk;.

ghijapd; xU gf;fj;jpy; kiy. kW gf;fj;jpy; gs;sj;jhf;F. ,q;Nfjhd; Njapiyj; Njhl;lq;fs; gr;irf; fk;gsk; tpupj;jhy; Nghy; fhl;rp mspj;jd. me;jj; Njhl;lq;fspd; moF> xOq;F> NeHj;jp nrhy;yp khshJ.

kpfTk; nrq;Fj;jhd ,lq;fspy; $l;lk; $l;lkhf ngz;fs; epd;W nfhz;L kpfTk; ,yhtfkhf Njapiyf; nfhOe;ijg; gwpj;J $ilapy; epug;gpf; nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. ,yq;ifg; nghUshjhuj;jpd; KJnfYk;G ,e;j kiyafj; njhopyhsHfs;jhd;. Njapiyj; Njhl;lq;fs; fz;Zf;Ff; FspHr;rpahf ,Ue;jJ.

,g;gbahd ghijapy; tz;b Xl;Ltjw;F jdpj; jpwik Ntz;Lk;. nfhQ;rk; tz;b ghijia tpl;L tpyfp Filrha;e;jhy; Mapuk; mbf;Ff; fPNo Ngha; tpOe;J tpLk;. mg;Gwk; Ml;fisg; $l;b ms;s Ntz;b ,Uf;Fk;.

kpf mUikahfj;jhd; mg;gbahd tpgj;Jf;fs; Vw;gLtjhf Xl;LeH nrhd;dhH. mJ kdJf;F nfhQ;rk; MWjyhf ,Ue;jJ.

ghij Xuj;jpy; rpy ,lq;fspy; ngupa fw;ghiwfis njhopyhsHfs; cilj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. ,e;j fUq;fw;fisf; nfhz;Ljhd; ,e;jg; gFjpfspy; tPLfs; fl;blq;fs; fl;lg;gLfpd;wd.

tz;b jhWkhwhf tise;J tise;J Ntfkhfg; Ngha;f; nfhz;bUe;jJ. the;jp tUtJ Nghy; ,Ue;jJ! (gazk; njhlUk;)     

td;dpr; nryT (13)

kiyafj;jpy; ,yq;ifj; njhopyhsH fofk;     

tz;b xU Xuj;jpy; epWj;jg;gl;lJ.  ehd; ,wq;fp ,uz;nlhU juk; the;jp vLj;Njd;. mjd; gpd; Rfkhf ,Ue;jJ. rpW tajpy; gazk; nra;Ak; NghJ the;jp vLg;gJ vdf;F tof;fkhf ,Ue;jJ.

xU Kiw eapdhjPTf;F Njhzpapy; nrd;w NghJ ,UgJ Kg;gJ juk; the;jp vLj;Njd;. Ng&e;jpy; gazk; nra;Ak; NghJk; the;jp vLj;jpUf;fpNwd;. rptndhspghj kiyia Vwpg; ghHj;Jtpl;L jpUk;gp Ng&e;jpy; te;jNghJ the;jp vLj;j Qhgfk; ,d;Dk; ,Uf;fpwJ. tpkhdg; gazj;jpd; NghJk; ,uz;nlhU Kiw the;jp vLj;jpUf;fpNwd;. gazk; nra;tJ gofpg; Ngha;tpl;l gpd;dH the;jp vLg;gJ epd;Wtpl;lJ. ePz;l ,ilntspf;Fg; gpd;dH kPz;Lk; ,d;W ..................

the;jp vjdhy; tUfpwJ? the;jp Vw;gLtjw;F ntt;NtW fhuzk; ,Uf;fpwJ. tpkhdk;> fg;gy;> Ng&e;J Nghd;wtw;wpy; gazk; nra;Ak; NghJ the;jp vLg;gjw;F mirT my;yJ ,af;fk;jhd; (motion) fhuzk;. mirT fhuzkhf rkepiy (balance) kw;Wk; eLepiy (equilibrium) gw;wpa czHT khw;wk; milfpwJ. ,e;j czHT %isf;F cly; ve;jg; gf;fk; ,Uf;fpwJ. ve;j jpirg; gf;fk; mirfpwJ> mJ Roy;fpwjh my;yJ xNu ,lj;jpy; epw;fpwjh vd;gijr; nrhy;fpwJ.

vq;fsJ ika euk;G kz;lyNk (central nervous system) clk;gpd; rkepiyia fl;Lg;ghl;by; itj;jpUf;fpwJ. mjpy; cl;fhJfs;> fz;fs;> clw;Njhy; kw;Wk; jirehHfs; rk;ge;jg;gl;Ls;sd.

ika euk;G kz;lyk; ,e;j cWg;Gf;fsplk; ,Ue;J xd;Wf;F xd;W Kuzhd nra;jpfis cs;thq;Fk;NghJ Fkl;ly; my;yJ the;jp Vw;gLfpwJ.

vLj;Jf; fhl;lhf ePq;fs; gazk; nra;Ak; tpkhdk; xU GaYf;F Clhfr; nry;Yk; NghJ mg;gbAk; ,g;gbAk; MLfpwJ. Mdhy; ,jid cq;fs; fz;fs; ghHg;gjpy;iy. fhuzk; ePq;fs; tpkhdj;jpd; eLtpy; cl;fhHe;J ,Uf;fpwPHfs;. ,jdhy; cq;fs; %isf;F fpilf;Fk; kw;wr; nra;jpfSk; ,e;jr; nra;jpAk; xd;whf ,Ug;gjpy;iy. ,jdhy; cq;fSf;F Fkl;ly; Vw;gLfpwJ.

,d;ndhU vLj;Jf;fhl;L. xU tz;bapd; gpd;dhy; cl;fhHe;J xU Gj;jfk; gbj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwPHfs; vd;W itj;Jf; nfhs;Nthk;. mg;NghJ cq;fs; cl;fhJfs; kw;Wk; clw;Njhy; gazj;jpd; mirit %isf;F mDg;gpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. Mdhy; cq;fs; fz; Gj;jfj;jpd; gf;fq;fisg; ghHj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. ,jdhy; cq;fSf;F Fkl;ly; Vw;glf; $Lk;.

CHjpfspy; gazk; nra;Ak; NghJ Kd; ,Uf;ifapy; ,Uq;fs;. tPjpiag; ghHf;fhJ Jhuj;Jf; fhl;rpfisg; ghHf;f Ntz;Lk;.  tpkhdj;jpy; gazk; nra;Ak; NghJ ad;dy; Xukhf ,Uf;Fk; ,Uf;iffspy; mkHe;J gazk; nra;Aq;fs;.

gyUf;F gazj;jpd;NghJ the;jp Fkl;ly; tUtjpy;iy. mJ mtHfsJ clk;Gthrp NghYk;.

ehd; the;jpnaLj;jJ rHkpshtpw;F ngupa ftiy. 'ngupag;gh ghtk;' vd;W ngupa jha;f;Fr; nrhd;dhuhk;. gfpb vd;dntd;why; mtUf;Fk; ,e;j 'tpahjp' cz;L. mtuJ jhahH mtiutpl Nkhrk;.

tz;b ,g;NghJ ml;ld; efHg;Gwg; gFjpia mz;kpj;J tpl;lJ. ,d;Dk; 15 epkplj;jpy; tPL Ngha;r; NrHe;Jtplyhk; vd;whHfs;.

ml;ld; vdf;F Gjpa ,lk; my;y. xU fhyj;jpy; ml;ld; efiur; Rw;wpAs;s Njapiyj; Njhl;lq;fs; xd;W tplhJ Rw;wpj;jpupe;jpUf;fpNwd;.

mWgJfspd; Kw;gFjp. kiy ehl;by; jkpouRf; fl;rp ,yq;ifj; njhopyhsH fofk; vd;w xU njhopw;rq;fj;ij njhlf;fp Njhl;lj; njhopyhsHfis mzp jpul;baJ. Njhl;lj; njhopyhsH fofj;jpd; jiyikafk; ml;ld; efupy;jhd; ,aq;fpaJ. mjd; jiytuhf K.jpUr;nry;tKk; nrayhsuhf jpU. ehNfe;jpuhTk; epakpf;fg;gl;lhHfs;. jpU.ehNfe;jpuh Kd;dH murhq;f vOJtpidQH Nritapy; ,Ue;jtH. jpU. Nf.rp. epj;jpahde;jidg; Nghy; vg;NghJk; ey;y nts;is ntsPnud;w Ntl;b rl;ilapy;jhd; fhl;rp mspg;ghH.

kiyafj;jpy; njhz;ilkhdpd; ,yq;ifj; njhopyhsH fhq;fpuRf;F vjpuhf Nghl;bj; njhopw; rq;fk; cUthf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w Nahrid jpU.K. jpUr;nry;tj;jpd; cilaJ. ,yq;ifj; njhopyhsH fofj;ij njhlq;fpaNghJ  NtW rq;fq;fspy; KO Neu njhopw;rq;f CopaHfshf ,Ue;j gyH ,jpy; te;J NrHe;J nfhz;lhHfs;.

,e;j Kaw;rpf;F murhq;f vOJtpidQH rq;fk; jdJ KO MjuitAk; xj;Jiog;igAk; ey;fpaJ.

thu ,Wjpapy; murhq;f vOJtpidQH rq;fj;ijr; NrHe;j Kd;dzp cWg;gpdHfs; Njhl;lq;fspy; ,.njh.fofk; elj;Jk; gug;Giuf; $l;lq;fspy; fye;J nfhz;L NgrpdhHfs;.

ehDk; ez;gH nr.NfhBRtuDk; nts;sp khiy njhlHtz;biag; gpbj;J mLj;j ehs; tpba ml;ld; Ngha;r; NrHNthk;. m.v. rq;fk; vq;fSf;F 3Mk; tFg;G gazf; fl;lzj;ij kl;Lk; je;jJ. Vida nryTfis ehq;fNs nghWj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

njhlHtz;bapy; VwpaJk; fjNthukhf cs;s ,ilntspapy; tPuNfrup nra;jpj;jhis tpupj;Jtpl;L ehq;fs; ,UtUk; ed;whfj; Jhq;fp tpLNthk;!

Njhl;lq;fspy; vq;fSf;F gyj;j tuNtw;G ,Uf;Fk;. $l;lk; elf;Fk; Nkilf;F vq;fis Njhspy; Rke;J nfhz;L ngupa Muthuj;NjhL NghthHfs;. Ngrj; njhlq;fpaJk; tupirapy; te;J khiy khiyahfg; NghLthHfs;. mit Njapiy ,iyfs;  fhl;Lg; G+f;fs; ,uz;Lk; NrHj;Jf; fl;lg;gl;l khiyfs;!

,e;j ,lj;jpy; murhq;f vOJtpidQH rq;fj;jpd; Njhw;wk; tsHr;rpgw;wp nrhy;yyhk; vd epidf;fpNwd;. ,J njhlHghd Mtzq;fis vdJ ehuk;gpl;b njhlHkhb  tPl;;by; gj;jpug;gLj;jp itj;jpUe;Njd;. gpd;dH me;j tPL fhty;Jiwapd; Nrhjidf;F cs;shd NghJ mjpy; thliff;F ,Ue;jtH gaj;jpy; mtw;iwf; Fg;igj; njhl;bf;Fs; vwpe;Jtpl;lhH!   

1956 Mk; Mz;by; jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;lk; ehlhSkd;wj;jpy; epiwNtw;wg;gl;l NghJ Mq;fpy %yk; vOJtpidQH Nritf;Fr; NrHe;j jkpoHfs; ,uNthL ,uthf mwptpypfs; Mf;fg;gl;ldH. rpq;fs nkhop njupahj  jkpo; CopaHfsJ vjpHfhyk;  Nfs;tpf; FwpahdJ.

me;jf; fhy fl;lj;jpy; murhq;f vOJtpidQHfis nghJ vOJtpidQH Nritr; rq;fk; (General Clerical Service Union) gpujpepj;Jtg;gLj;jpaJ.

1947 itfhrp- Mdp khjq;fspy; xU nghJ Ntiy epWj;jk; ,lk;ngw;wJ.

Ntiy epWj;jj;jpy; <Lgl;ltHfs; Mdp 5 Mk; ehs; xU CHtyj;ij elj;jpdhHfs;. me;j CHtyj;jpy; NghdtHfs; njnkl;lf;nfhltpy; itj;J fhty;Jiwapduhy; jhf;fg;gl;ldH. mg;gbj; jhf;fg;gl;ltHfspy; lhf;lH vd;. vk; ngNuuhTk; xUtH. xU fl;lj;jpy; fhty;Jiw CHtyk; te;jtHfs; kPJ Jg;ghf;fpr; #L elj;jpaJ. mjpy; 18 NgH fhakile;jhHfs;. tp.fe;jrhkp vd;w vOJtpidQH Fz;lb gl;L ,we;jhH.

Ntiy epWj;jj;ij Kd;dpd;W elj;jpatHfspy;  nghJr; Nrit vOJtpidQH rq;fj;jpd; nghJr; nrayhsH jpU. itFe;jthrDk; xUtH. mjd; fhuzkhf mtUk; jpU.V.MH. MrPHthjk;> kw;Wk; up.gp. ,yq;fuj;jpd Nritapy; ,Ue;J gzp ePf;fk; nra;ag;gl;lhHfs;.  

1947,y; cs;Jiw mikr;ruhf ,Ue;jtH NrH. m. kfhNjth. vdNt nfhiyg; gop mtH kPJ tpOe;jJ. mjid mtNuhL aho;g;ghzj; njhFjpapy; Nghl;bapl;l jkpo;f; fhq;fpu]; fl;rpj; jiytH  jpU. [p.[p. nghd;dk;gyk; jdJ NjHjy; ntw;wpf;F ed;F gad;gLj;jpf; nfhz;lhH.

Nfhl;il Gifapuj epiyaj;jpy; fe;jrhkpapd; cliy mDg;gp tpl;L tpkhdj;jpy; aho;g;ghzk; Ngha;r; NrHe;j jkpo;f; fhq;fpu]; jiytH aho;g;ghzg; Gifapuj epiyaj;jpy; mjid tuNtw;whH!

"jpahfp fe;jrhkpiaf; nfhd;w JNuhfp kfhNjth xopf"  vd;w thrfk; aho;g;ghzj;Jg; gs;spf;$lr; RtHfs; xd;WtplhJ nfhl;il vOj;jpy; vOjg;gl;ld.

jpU. itFe;jthrd; rpy Mz;Lfs; kf;fs; Fuy; (People's Voice) (1951-53) vd;w Mq;fpy thu ,jio elj;jp te;jhH. fk;A+dp];l; fl;rp cWg;gpduhd itFe;jthrd; cUrpah> rPdh ,uz;L ehLfspYk; 3 khjk; Rw;Wg; gazk; nra;J jdJ mDgtq;fis Mq;fpy nkhopapy; xU Ehyhf 1953 Mk; Mz;L ntspapl;lhH. mjd; md;iwa tpiy &gh 3 kl;LNk.    

fk;A+dp];lhf ,Ue;j NjhoH itFe;jthrd; 1966 Mk; Mz;L fk;A+dp];l; fl;rp rpq;fsj;Jf;Fk; jkpOf;Fk; rk cupik vd;w epiyg;ghl;by; ,Ue;J tOfp rpq;fsk; kl;Lk; nkhopf; nfhs;ifia fl;bg; gpbj;j NghJ me;jf; fl;rpapy; ,Ue;J tpyfpdhH.

mjw;F Ke;jpa Mz;L ele;j nghJj; NjHjypy;  fhq;Nfrd;Jiw njhFjpapy; je;ij nry;tehafj;Jf;F vjpuhf If;fpa ,lJrhup Kd;dzp Ntl;ghsuhfg; Nghl;bapl;ltH vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. fk;A+dp];l; fl;rpapy; ,Ue;J tpyfpa gpd; mtH Rk;kh ,Uf;ftpy;iy.

,yz;ldpy;  rl;lk; gbj;J mjpy; gl;lk; (Bar-At-Law) ngw;whH.  gpd;dH rhk;gpah ehl;by; khtl;l ePjpgjpahf (19771-77) flikahw;wpdhH.  

1977 ,y; ,yz;lDf;F jdJ FLk;gj;NjhL Gyk;  ngaHe;j itFe;jthrd; jkpoPo tpLjiyf;F ghLgl;lhH. ,yz;ld; jkpoH xUq;fpizg;Gf; FOtpd; mikg;ghsuhf nray;gl;lhH. ,e;jf; FO jkpoH tpLjiyf; $l;lzpapd; tl;Lf; Nfhl;ilj; jPHkhdj;ij Mjupj;J gug;Giu nra;jJ. mjd; xU fl;lkhf 1992 Mk; Mz;L ijg; nghq;fy; ehspy; (14-01-1882) jkpoPo Rje;jpug; gpufldj;ij nra;a KbT nra;jJ.  

,yz;ld; gpgprp jkpNohir me;jr; nra;jpia jdJ ij 12 Mk; ehs; xypgug;gpy; xypgug;gpaJ. Mdhy; me;j Kaw;rp md;iwa jkpoH tpLjiyg; $l;lzpapd; nghJr; nrayhsH m. mkpHjypq;fk; mtHfshy; jLj;J epWj;jg;gl;lJ.

1978 Ig;grp 5 Mk; ehs; itFe;jthrdpd; ngaH cyfk; KOJk; mbgl;lJ. md;Wjhd; I.eh. rigapy; ,yq;if ntspAwT mikr;rH Ngr ,Ue;jhH. mtiu Ngr mioj;jNghJ jpU. itFe;jthrd; kpd;dy; Ntfj;jpy; Nkilf;Fr; nrd;W xypthq;fpapy; "mitj; jiytH mtHfNs cyfj; jiytHfNs"  vd;W Vw;fdNt Mq;fpyj;jpy; vOjp itj;jpUe;j ciuiag; gbf;f Muk;gpj;jhH.

"jkpoPok; Nghd;w xLf;fg;gLk; rpWghd;ik kf;fspd; ehLfs;> cyf ehLfspd; cr;r rigahd ,q;F te;J jq;fs; Fiwfisf; $whky; NtW vq;F nry;tJ? jaT nra;J vd;id xU epkplk; Ngr mDkjpAq;fs;" ,g;gb xU Kd;Diuiaf; $wptpl;L itFe;jthrd; Ngr;irj; njhlHe;jhH.

"vd; ngaH fpU\;zh. ,e;jpahtpw;Fk; ,yq;iff;Fk; ,ilNa cs;s 25 ,yl;rk; kf;fs; njhifiaf; nfhz;l jkpo; <ok; ehl;by; ,Ue;J gpujpepjpahf te;Js;Nsd;. ,yq;if murhq;fk; rpWghd;ik ,dj;Njhiu Jd;GWj;jp xLf;Fk; nfhs;ifiaj; njhlHe;J filg;gpbj;J tUfpwJ?  

mt;tsTjhd;. xyp.ngUf;fp Jz;bf;fg;gl;lJ. rigf; fhtyHfs; ,yq;if ntspAwT mikr;riu nfhw nfhw vd ,Oj;Jf; nfhz;L ntspNa NghdhHfs;. mjd;gpd; ele;jJ vd;d vd;gJ cq;fSf;Fj; njupAk;. ,e;j EioTf;F xU khjfhykhf I.eh. rigf;F cs;Ns tyk; te;J xj;jpif ghHj;jjhf mtH $WfpwhH.

rpq;fstHfsJ jiyikapy; ,aq;fpa nghJ vOJtpidQH Nrit rq;fk; rpq;fsk; kl;Lk; rl;lj;jhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l jkpo; CopaHfsJ cupikf;fhf Fuy; nfhLf;Fk; vd;w ek;gpf;if gbg;gbahf Fiwe;J te;jJ. (gazk; njhlUk;;)  

td;dpr; nryT (14)

nkhoptopj; njhopw; rq;fq;fs;     

jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;lk; jkpo; mur CopaHfsJ fOj;Jf;F itf;fg;gl;l fj;jp vd;gJ nrhy;yhkNy tpsq;Fk;. nghJ kf;fistpl jkpo; mur CopaHfNs jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;lj;jpdhy; mjpf msT ghjpg;Gf;F cs;shdhHfs;.

rpq;fs nkhopapy; jkpo; mur CopaHfs; xU Fwpg;gpl;l fhyj;jpy; NjHr;rp ngw Ntz;Lk; my;yhtpby; mtHfsJ rk;gs caHT> gjtp caHT epWj;jp itf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;W jpiwr;Nrup Rw;wwpf;iffs; %yk; neUf;fbiaf; nfhLj;jJ. xU fl;lj;jpy; Ntiy ePf;fk; nra;ag;gLtH vd;Wk; kpul;lg;gl;lJ.

jpUkjp rpwpkhNth gz;lhuehaf;f gpujkuhf ,Ue;j NghJ 1961 khHfopapy; tpLf;fg;gl;l jpiwr;Nrup mwpf;if ,y.560 jq;fs; gjtpfis jf;f itf;f tpUk;Gk; jkpo; CopaHfs; rpq;fsj;jpy; NjHr;rp ngw Ntz;Lk; vd;W njuptpj;jJ.  

jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;lj;jpdhy; cldbahf ,yhgk; ngw;wtHfs; rpq;fs mur CopaHfs;.

mtHfs;jhd; 'fpotp vg;NghJ fz;iz %Lk; jpz;iz vg;NghJ fhypahFk;' vd;w kdNthl;lj;jpy; ,Ue;jhHfs;.

rpq;fs muirtpl rpq;fs nkhopia eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjpy; rpq;fs mur CopaHfs; gygb jPtpukhf ,Ue;jhHfs;.

',yq;if rpq;fstHfSf;F' (Ceylon for the Sinhalese)  gUj;jpj;Jiw Kjy; NjNte;jpuKietiu rp;q;fsk; kl;Lk; rl;lk;' ( Sinhalese Only from Point Pedro to Dondra Head) vd;w rj;jk; njd;dpyq;ifapd; %iy KLf;nfy;yhk; vjpnuhypj;jJ. (Tarzie Vittachi's "Emergency 58")

Kjypy; CopaHfsJ rk;gsg; gl;bay; jdpr; rpq;fsj;jpy; jahupf;fg;gl;lJ. mjid jkpo; CopaHfs; vjpHj;Jg; NghuhbdhHfs;. Mq;fpyj;jpy; nkhopngaHg;G Ntz;Lk; vd;W Nfl;lhHfs;.  

Nfhg;Gfspy; Mq;fpyk; njupe;j jPtpu rpq;fs mur CopaHfs; rpq;fsj;jpy; Fwpg;Gf;fs; vOjpdhHfs;. mijg; gbf;f KbahJ jkpo; mur CopaHfs; jpzwpdhHfs;.

rpq;fs muR jkpo; mur CopaHfis ,uz;lhff; $WNghl;lJ. jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;lk; epiwNtw;wg;gL Kd;dH Nritapy; NrHe;j CopaHfs; gioa CopaHfs; vd;Wk; mjd; gpd; Nritapy; NrHe;jtHfs; Gjpa CopaHfs; vd;Wk; muR nrhy;ypaJ.

jkpo; CopaHfisg; gpujpepj;Jtg;gLj;jpa nghJ vOJtpidQH Nrit rq;fk; jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;lk; ehl;bd; rl;lkhfp tpl;ljhy; jkpo; CopaHfs; rpq;fsj;ijg; gbj;J mjpy; NjHr;rp ngWtijtpl NtW top ,y;iy vd;w epiyg;ghl;il nks;s nks;s vLf;fj; jiyg;gl;lJ.

1958 itfhrp Mdp khjq;fspy; 21 mk;rf; Nfhupf;iffis Kd;itj;J ehlshtpa  nghJ Ntiy epWj;jj;ij fk;A+dp];l; fl;rpapd; fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fs; ,Ue;j nghJ Nrit njhopyhsH njhopw;rq;f rk;Nksdk; (Public Service Workers  Trade Union Federation) Nkw;nfhz;lJ.

,e;j rk;Nksdj;jpd; jiytuhf jpU.af; ngNuuhTk; nghJr; nrayhsuhf jpU. rpd;dj;jk;gp nry;iyahTk; ,Ue;jhHfs;.

Ntiy epWj;jk; njhlq;fpa mLj;j ehs; fk;A+dp];l; fl;rpapd; fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fs; ,Uej jdpahH Jiw njhopw;rq;fkhd Ceylon Trade Union Federation (CTUF) ck; Ntiy epWj;jj;jpy; Fjpj;jJ. Mdhy; rk[kh[f; fl;rpapd; fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fs; ,Ue;j njhopw;rq;fq;fs; Ntiy epWj;jj;jpy; <Lglhky; xJq;fpf; nfhz;ld.

xU khjj;Jf;F Nkyhf  ,e;j Ntiy epWj;jk; ePbj;jJ. njd;dpyq;ifia tpl tl-fpof;fpy;jhd; Ntiy epWj;jk; EhW tpOf;fhL ntw;wpfukhf eilngw;wJ. mjd; fhuzj;ij ePq;fs; vspjpy; Cfpj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;.

ehd; mg;NghJ jpUNfhzkiy nghJ vOJtpidQH Nrit rq;fj;jpd; nrayhsuhfTk; nghJ Nrit njhopyhsH njhopw;rq;f rk;Nksdj;jpy; nrayhuuhfTk; ,Ue;Njd;. jpUNfhzkiyapy; Ntiy nra;j rkahrka CopaHfs; $l  Ntiy epWj;jj;jpy; fye;J nfhz;lhHfs;.

,e;jf; fhy fl;lj;jpy; ele;j Ntiy epWj;jq;fSf;Fg; gpd;dhy; fk;A+dp];l; my;yJ rk[kh[ fl;rpfNs ,Ue;jd. njhopyhsHfs; ,e;jf; fl;rpfspd; murpay; Nehf;fj;jpw;fhf gfilf; fha;fshfg; gad;gLj;jg; gl;lhHfs; vd;gNj cz;ik. khl;Lf;F Gz;zhf;Ff; fhl;LtJ Nghy rk;gs mjpfupg;G gjtp caHT Nghd;wit Nfhupf;ifg; gl;baypy; NrHf;fg;gl;ld.

xU khjj;Jf;F Nkyhf ePbj;j Ntiy epWj;jk; Njhy;tpapy; Kbe;jJ. gfpb vd;dntd;why; me;j Ntiy epWj;jj;ij Kwpabg;gjpy; 1947 ,y; Ntiy epWj;jk; nra;J Ntiy ,oe;j up.gp. ,yq;fuj;jpdh md;iwa njhopy; mikr;rH vd;w Kiwapy;  Kk;kukhfg; ghLgl;lhH. CTUF Ntiy epWj;jk; rl;lj;Jf;F KuzhdJ vd;W $l gpufldk; nra;jhH.

mikr;rH gpypg; FztHj;jdh Ntiy epWj;jk; jkpouRf; fl;rpj; jiytH v].N[.tp. nry;tehaj;jpd; Jhz;Ljypd; Ngupy; eilngWtjhf Fw;wk; rhl;bdhH.

1947 ,y; Ntiy ,oe;j jpU. ,yq;fuj;jpdhtpw;F mur CopaHfs; epjp Nrfupj;Jf; nfhLj;jhHfs;. 1956 ,y; fz;bapy; Nghl;bapl;l ,yq;fuj;jpdhtpd; ntw;wpf;F ngh.v.Nr. rq;f cWg;gpdHfs; mauhJ cioj;jhHfs;.

Fwpg;ghf mtuJ ntw;wpf;F Nf.rp. epj;jpahde;jh> rp. nry;iyah> rp.Fkhrrhkp> gp.fjpuNty; Nghd;w njhopw;rq;fthjpfs; fz;bapNyNa Kfhk; ,l;L kiwKfkhf  NjHjy; Ntiyfspy; <Lgl;lhHfs;. NjHjypy; <LgLk; cupik mg;NghJ mur CopaHfSf;F ,Uf;ftpy;iy.  

jkpoHfSila nghUs; cjtp> cly; cjtp ,y;yhJ jpU. ,yq;fuj;jpd ehlhSkd;wj;Jf;F nrd;wpUf;fNth jpU. gz;lhuehaf;fhtpd; mikr;ruitapy; xU mikr;ruhfNth te;jpUf;f KbahJ. mtH kPJ Nghlg;gl;l NjHjy; tof;fpy; $l xU jkpo; tof;fwpQH v];.eNlrd; Q.C. Njhd;wp thjhbdhH vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

1956,y; jpU. ,yq;fuj;jpd Rje;jpuf; fl;rp rhHgpy; Nghl;bapl;L ntd;whYk; mtuJ ntw;wp mur CopaHfsJ ntw;wp vd;W fUjg;gl;lJ. mjdhy; mtUf;Fk; mtuJ JiztpahH FRkh ,yq;fuj;jpdhtpw;Fk; ngh.v. Nr.rq;f fpisfs; Nghl;b Nghl;Lf; nfhz;L tuNtw;G mspj;J fTutpj;jd. mijr; nra;j ghtk; vd;idAk; rhUk;. mg;NghJ (1956) ehd; ,uj;jpdGupf; fpisapd; nrayhsuhf ,Ue;Njd;.

1958,y; ,lk;ngw;w Ntiy epWj;jk; Njhy;tpapy; Kbe;jij mLj;J 1959 ,y; eilngw;w ngh.v.Nr. rq;f Mz;L khehl;by; fk;A+dp];l; fl;rp MjuthsHfs; Njhw;fbf;fg;gl;lhHfs;. nray;FOTf;fhd NjHjy; gl;baypy; vdJ ngaUk; ,Ue;jJ. tPrpa vjpH miyapy; ehDk; mbj;Jg; Nghfg;gl;Nld;.  

ngh.v.Nr. rq;fj;jpd; nghJr; nrayhsuhf I.N[.tpf;fpukhTk;> jiytuhf T.B. jprehaf;fhTk; njupT nra;ag;gl;lhHfs;. ,tHfs; rk[kh[ fl;rp MjuthsHfs;.   mjd; gpd; ePz;l fhykhf ngh.v.Nritr; rq;fk; mtHfs; gpbapNyNa ,Ue;Jte;jJ.

rq;fj;jpd; Gjpa jiyik jkpo; CopaHfis Kw;whf iftpl;L rpq;fsk; kl;Lk; rl;;lj;Jf;F Mjuthf nray;gl Muk;gpj;jJ.

'cyfj; njhopyhsHfNs xd;W gLq;fs;! ePq;fs; ,og;gjw;F cq;fs; mbikr; rq;fpypiatpl Ntnwhd;Wk; ,y;iy'  ("Workers of the world unite. You have nothing to lose but your chains") vd;W Nk ehs; tpohf;fspy;  Koq;fpa NjhoHfspd; RUjp gpRwj; njhlq;fpaJ.

mtHfs; mzpe;jpUe;j rptg;Gr; rl;ilapd; rhak; ntSf;fj; njhlq;fpaJ. mry; rpq;fs ,dthjpfshf cUkhwpdhHfs;.

njhopyhs tHf;f xw;Wik fhw;wpy; gwf;f tplg;gl;lJ.

1958,y; ntbj;j ,df; fytuj;jpy; jkpoHfisj; jhf;Ftjpy; mtHfsJ cilikfis ehrg;gLj;Jtjpy; rpq;fs njhopyhsHfSk; NrHe;J nfhz;lhHfs; vd;gJ xU Nrhf tuyhW. Fwpg;ghf Rje;jpuf; fl;rp kw;Wk; gpypg; FztHj;jdtpd; M.E.P. fl;rp MjuT njhopyhsHfs; ,e;jj; jhf;Fjy; kw;Wk; mopg;G Ntiyfspy;   ngUkstpy; <Lgl;lhHfs;.

1960 ,y; NjHjy; ntw;wpia kdjpy; itj;J fk;A+dp];l; fl;rp kw;Wk; rk[kh[f; fl;rp ,uz;Lk;  jpUkjp rpwpkhNth jiyik tfpj;j rpwp yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rpNahL NjHjy; cld;ghnlhd;iw vOjpf; nfhz;ld. ,jd; %yk; rpq;fsKk; jkpOk; Ml;rp nkhopfs; vd;w rkTupikf; Nfhl;ghl;il Neubahf ,y;yhtpl;lhYk; kiwKfkhf ,e;jf; fl;rpfs; iftpl;ld.  

NjHjy; gug;Giuapd; NghJ rk[kh[ fl;rpa;pd; Jhz;fspy; xUtuhd jpUkjp. tptpad; FztHj;jdh 'gpypg; FztHj;jdh rpq;fstuJ Kjy; vz; vjpup" vd;W rhbdhH vd;why; rpq;fs ,dthjk; vt;tsT fbdkhfg; Ngha;tpl;lJ vd;gijg; Gupe;J nfhs;syhk;. jpU.gpypg; FztHj;jdh tptpad; FztHj;jdhtpd; khkd; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

Vkhw;wg;gl;l jkpo; CopaHfs; murhq;f vOJ tpidQH rq;fk; vd;w Gjpa mikg;igj; njhlf;fpdhHfs;. mjd; njhlf;ff; $l;lk; Nfhl;ilg; gFjpapy; cs;s xU jkpo; cztfj;jpy; ele;jJ. ehd; cl;gl xd;gJ NgH me;jf; $l;lj;jpy; fye;J nfhz;Nlhk;.  

rq;fk; cUthFtjw;F fhuz fHj;jhthf ,Ue;j jpU. Nf. rpthde;jRe;juk; jiytuhfTk;> jpU. ,. ghyRg;gpukzpak; nghJr; nrayhsuhfTk; NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;ldH.

gyH jpU. nr.NfhBRtud; jiytuhf njupT nra;ag;gl;lhH vd vOjp itj;jpUf;fpwhHfs;. mg;NghJ jpU. NfhBRtud; Nffhiyf; fr;Nrupapy; gzpahw;wpf; nfhz;bUe;jhH. mjdhy; mtH njhlf;ff; $l;lj;jpy; fye;J nfhs;s ,aytpy;iy.

jpU. rpthde;jRe;juk; Nritapy; ,Ue;J Xa;T ngw;W je;ij nry;tehafj;jpd; jdpr; nrayhsuhfg; gjtp Vw;w gpd;dHjhd; jpU.NfhBRtud; mtuJ ,lj;Jf;F jiytuhfg; Nghl;bapd;wpj; njupT nra;ag;gl;lhH.

',dtop gpupe;J nkhoptop xd;WgLjy;' m.v.rq;fj;jpd; Fwpf;Nfhs; vd mwptpf;fg;gl;lJ.

,jidj; njhlHe;J jkpo; mur CopaHfs; ngh.v.Nr. rq;fj;jpy; ,Ue;J rhiu rhiuahf tpyfp  m.v.tp. rq;fj;jpy; Nruj; njhlq;fpdhHfs;. njhlq;fpa Mz;Nl mjd; gyk; 2>500 vl;baJ.  ,uz;L Njhzpapy; fhy; itj;jtHfSk; ,Ue;jhHfs;.

m.v.tpidQHfsJ Kd;khjpupiag; gpd;gw;wp mQ;ry;> Giftz;b> fg;gy;Jiw> kj;jpa tq;fp Nghd;w epWtdq;fspy; Ntiy nra;j jkpo; CopaHfs; nkhop topj; njhopw; rq;fq;fis Njhw;Wtpj;jhHfs;. (gazk; njhlUk;) 

td;dpr; nryT (15)

jkpo; CopaH njhz;ilf;Fs; rpq;fsk; jpzpg;G

murhq;f vOJ tpidQH rq;fk; njhlf;fg;gl;l ehs; njhl;L mJ  kpfTk; fl;Lf; Nfhg;GlDk; tpW tpWg;GlDk; ,aq;fpaJ. mjw;nfd xU gzpkid 676 fhyp tPjp> nfhs;Sg;gpl;b> nfhOk;gpy; thliff;F vLf;fgg;gl;lJ. mJ jkpoH xUtUf;F nrhe;jkhd gy miwfs; nfhz;l khbf; fl;blk;.

rq;fj;jpd; nghUshsH jpU. jHkypq;fk; gzpkidapNyNa jq;f Vw;ghL nra;ag;gl;lJ. rq;f khjhe;jf; fl;lzk; CopaHfsJ rk;gsj;jpy; ,Ue;J fopf;fg;gl;L mjw;Fupa fhNrhiyfs; rq;fg; gzpkidf;F  te;J nfhz;bUe;jd. vdNt md;whlr; nryTf;Fk; Vida nrytpdq;fSf;Fk; gzKil ,Uf;ftpy;iy.

rq;fj;jpd; khjhe;j nray;f; FOf; $l;lq;fs; xOq;fh eilngw;wd. mjw;F kl;lf;fsg;G> jpUNfhzkiy> kd;dhH> tTdpah> aho;g;ghzk; Nghd;w ntspA+Hfspy; ,Ue;J nray;FOTf;Fj; njupT nra;ag;gl;l NguhsHfs; te;J fye;J nfhz;lhHfs;. mtHfsJ gazr; nryT rq;fj;jhy; <L nra;ag;gl;lJ.

nfhOk;gpy; rq;fj;jpd; fpisfs; gy jpizf;fsq;fspy; epWtg;gl;ld. ehd; mg;NghJ jpiwr;Nrupapy; gzpahw;wpf; nfhz;bUe;Njd;.

jpU. Nf.rp. epj;jpahde;jhTk; mNj jpizf;fsj;jpy; Ntiy ghHj;jhH. mg;NghJ mtH njhopw;rq;f eltbf;iffspy; ,Ue;J xJq;fp ,Ue;jhH. murhq;f vOJ tpidQH rq;fj;jpy; mtH Nrutpy;iy. NrHtjw;F mtuJ ePz;l fhy ,lJrhup murpay; <LghL  ,lk; nfhLf;ftpy;iy.

jpU.epj;jpahde;jh Nritapy; kpfTk; %g;Gilatuhf ,Ue;Jk; gjtp caHT vd;W tUk;NghJ mtH Gwf;fzpf;fg;gl;lhH.

njhopw;rq;f eltbf;if fhuzkhf ,uz;nlhU juk; Nritapy; ,Ue;J ,il epWj;jk; nra;ag;gl;lJ> Nky; mjpfhupfNshL mt;tg;NghJ nfhStpaJ mtuJ gjtp caHTf;F jilahf ,Ue;jd. Mdhy; kdpjH mijg;gw;wp vy;yhk; ftiyg; gLtjpy;iy. gy ,Oj;jbf;Fg; gpd;dH mtH epHthf Nritf;F gjtp caHT nra;ag;gl;lhH.  

nghJthf mur Nritapy; iffl;b tha;nghj;jp> ,lg;gLk; fl;lisfs; rupNah gpioNah fhyhy; ,l;l Ntiyia jiyahy; nra;J ek;gpf;ifAila ey;ygps;is vdg; ngaH vLg;gjpNyNa caHkl;l jkpo; CopaHfs; ele;J nfhz;lhHfs;.

rpq;fs mikr;rHfs; rpq;fs mjpfhupfistpl jkpo; mjpfhupfisNa jq;fSf;F cjtpahf itj;Jf; nfhs;tjpy; ehl;lkhf ,Ue;jhHfs;. ,jw;F %d;W  fhuzpfisr; nrhy;yyhk;.

1) jkpo; mjpfhupfs; Neufhyk; ghHf;fhky; khLkhjpup Ntiy nra;thHfs;. ngUk;ghYk; Nfhg;Gfis tPl;Lf;F vLj;Jr; nrd;W mtw;iwg; gbj;J cj;juTfisg; gpwg;gpj;jhHfs;.

3) mikr;rupd; ,ufrpaq;fs; mtuJ murpay; vjpupfSf;F frpa tha;g;gpy;iy. rpq;fs mjpfhupfs; cwT>  murpay; rhHG> el;G Nghd;w fhuzq;fSf;fhf mikr;ruJ Rj;Jkhj;Jf;fis ntspapy; tpl;;L tpLthHfs;.

1956,y; gjpAjPd; KfkJ fy;tp mikr;ruhf te;j NghJ K];ypk;fSf;F Ntiy tha;g;G> fy;tp vd ms;sp toq;fpdhH. mtH mikr;ruhf ,Ue;j ,uz;nlhU Mz;Lfspy;  v];.v];.rp. rpj;jpnaa;jptpl;L Ntiy ,y;yhky; njUtpy; miye;j xU K];ypk; ,isQiuf; fhz KbahJ ,Ue;jJ. mtH vs;nsd;w vz;niz;ahf gzpahw;wpatH fy;tp mikr;rpd; Nkyjpf nrayhsH MH. gh];fuypq;fk;.

gpd;dH uzrpq;fp gpNukjhrh gpujkuhfTk; gpd;dH rdhjpgjpahfTk; gjtp tfpj;J NghJ mNj �ga gf;jpNahL� gh];fuypq;fk; Copak; nra;jhH.

1994 ,y; If;fpa Njrpaf; fl;rp NjHypy;  Njhw;fbf;fg;gl;L re;jpupfh FkhuJq;fh gpujkuhfg; gjtpf;F te;j NghJ gyH ehl;il tpl;L XbdhHfs;. mjpy; gh];fuypq;fk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;ftH. kPz;Lk; 2001 ,y; If;fpa Njrpaf; fl;rp gjtpf;F te;jNghJ kPz;Lk; nfhs;if Nkk;ghL eilKiwg;gLj;jy; mikr;rpd; MNyhrfuhf (Advisor, Ministry of Policy Development and Implementation)  te;J NrHe;jhH.     

Nr.rp. epj;jpahde;jh nghWj;jkl;by; mtH mjpfhupfs; rup>  murpay;thjpfs; rup ahUf;Fk; jiytzq;fhj xU tzq;fhKbahfNt tpsq;fpdhH.

vg;NghJk; Njrpa cilapy;jhd; fhl;rp mspg;ghH. Mdhy; rhy;it Nghl;Lf; nfhsskhl;lhH.  fd;dk; fNuy; vd;w epwk;. Mwb cauk;> mjw;Nfw;w thl;l rhl;lkhd clk;G. vg;NghJk; rpupj;j Kfk;. jpUkzk; nra;J nfhs;shjjhy; ve;jf; ftiyAk; ,y;yhj xw;iwf;fl;il.  mtuplk; ,Ue;j xNu Fiw mbf;fb  %f;Fg; nghb NghLk; gof;fk;. mtUf;F ,Ue;j xNu ftiy mtuJ taJ te;j jhahiug; gw;wpaJ.

Nf.rp. epj;jpahde;jh vd;w ngaupy; cs;s Nf.rp. mtUf;F kpfTk; nghUj;jkhd jiynaOj;Jf;fs;. mur Nritapy; jg;Gj; jz;lh nra;J xOf;fhw;W eltbf;ifapy; khl;bf; nfhs;gtHfSf;F epj;jpjhd; (mg;gbj;jhd; vy;NyhUk; miog;ghHfs;) tpid jPHf;Fk; fz;fz;l  nja;tk;.  tpag;G vd;dntd;why; mtiutpl caH gjtpfspy; ,Ue;jtHfSk; mtiuj;jhd; jq;fs; gf;fk; Njhd;wp thjhl mkHj;jpJf; nfhs;thHfs;.

jpU. epj;jpahde;jh gpwe;J tsHe;jJ kNyrpah. mjdhy;jhd; vd;dNkh Mq;fpyj;jpy; jz;zpgl;l ghlha; Nkilapy; NgRthH.

Kjy; Kiw nfhOk;G khefu mit muq;fpy; ele;j nghJ vOJtpidQH Nrit rq;fj;jpd; Mz;L NguhsH khehl;by; mtH Mq;fpyj;jpy; Mw;wpa jiyikAiuiaf; Nfl;l NghJ ehd; jpifj;Jg; NghNdd;. Md;iwa ,lJrhup fl;rpfsJ Kd;dzp murpay;thjpfsJ Ngr;irtpl mtuJ Ngr;R tPr;rhf ,Ue;jJ.

murpay; vg;gb ,Ue;jhYk; vdf;Fk; mtUf;Fk; ey;y el;G ,Ue;jJ. njhopw;rq;f tplakhf VjhtJ MNyhrid ngw Ntz;Lk; vd;why; ehs; Neuk; ghuhJ mtiu mtuJ 23> gpuhd;rp]; tPjp> nts;stj;ij tPl;by; re;jpj;J NgRfpw cupik vdf;F ,Ue;jJ.

mg;gb re;jpf;Fk; NghJ mtH fpz;lyhff; Nfl;Fk; Nfs;tp 'nry;tehafk; vd;d nrhy;fpwhH? ,g;gTk; jkpouR fpilf;Fk; vd;W ek;Gfpwhuh?'

gpd;db fhyj;jpy; gy nrQ;rl;ilj; NjhoHfSf;F fhyk; fle;J Qhdk; gpwe;J jkpo;j; Njrpaj;jpd; gf;fk; te;J NrHe;jhHfs;. mjpy; Nf.rp. epj;jpahde;jDk; xUtH. 1978,y; N[.MH. n[atHj;jdh mtiu Gjpjhf cUthf;fpa aho;g;ghzk; gdk;nghUs; Nkk;ghl;L mitapd; (Chairman, Palmyrah Development Board) jiytuhf epakpj;jhH. mtUf;F ,Ue;j ePupopT Neha;jhd; mtuJ rhit Jupjg;gLj;jpaJ. ,y;yhtpl;lhy; ,d;Dk; rpwpJ fhyk; mtH capNuhL ,Ue;jpUg;ghH.

jpiwr;Nrupapy; Ntiy ghHj;j ehd; jkpo; CopaHfs; rpq;fsk; gbf;ff; $lhJ vd;gjpy; kpfj; jPtpukhf ,Ue;Njd;. mJ vdJ gpuptpw;F jiytuhf ,Ue;j fzf;fhsUf;Fg; gpbf;ftpy;iy. mtH xU jkpoH. Mdhy; rpq;fsk; gbj;J NjHT vOjp rpj;jpngw;W Kd;Ndwpf; nfhz;bUe;jhH. mYtyfj;jpNyNa rpq;fsg; Gj;jfj;ij itj;Jg; gbj;Jf; nfhz;bUg;ghH. mJ vdf;Fk; vdJ ez;gHfSf;Fk;  gpbf;ftpy;iy vd;gJ mtUf;Fj; njupAk;. vdNt mtH jpiwr;Nrup nrayhsNuhL fijj;J vq;fspy; gyiu $z;NlhL tUtha;j;Jiw jpizf;fsj;Jf;F ,lkhw;wk; nra;J tpl;lhH.

xUtpjj;jpy; mJTk; vdf;F ey;yjhfg; Nghapw;W. fhuzk; tUtha;j;Jiw jpizf;fsj;jpd;jhd; ngUthupahd jkpo; vOj;jHfs; gzpahw;wpf; nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. murhq;f vOJtpidQH rq;fj;jpd; gykhd fpisAk; mq;Nfjhd; ,Ue;jJ. mjw;F jpU. KUFg;gps;is jiytuhfTk;> jpU.n[fjPrd; nrayhsuhfTk; ,Ue;jhHfs;.

,g;NghJ fdlh cyfj; jkpoH Ehy;epiyag; nghWg;ghsuhf gzpahw;Wk; jpU. j. eluhrh mNj tUtha;j;Jiw jpizf;fsj;jpy; 1964 ,y; Ntiyapy; NrHe;jhH.  

ehnshU NkdpAk; nghOnjhU tz;zKk; mur jkpo; CopaHfsJ mtyq;fs; mjpfupj;j tz;zk; ,Ue;jd. rpq;fs muR jkpo; CopaHfJ njhz;il topahf rpq;fsj;ij tYf;fl;lhakhfj; jpzpf;f rhk> Ngj> jhd> jz;lk; vd;w ehy;tifj; je;jpuq;fisAk; ifahz;lJ.

jkpo; CopaHfs; rpq;fsj;jpy; NjHr;rp ngw epHg;ge;jpf;fg; gl;lhHfs;. rpq;fs NjHr;rp NjHT vOjg; Nghdhy; NghJk;. ntWk; ntw;Wj;jhs;fisf;  nfhLj;jtHfSf;F 70> 80 Gs;spfisf; nfhLj;J rpq;fsnkhopj; NjHtpy; rpj;jp vd murnkhop jpizf;fsk; mwptpj;jJ.

jkpo; CopaHfis rpq;fsk; gbf;f Ntz;lhk; vd;W murhq;f vOJ tpidQH rq;fKk; jkpouRf; fl;rpAk; Nfl;Lf; nfhz;lhYk; rpy CopaHfs; kiwtha; rpq;fsk; gbj;J NjHTf;Fj; Njhd;wpdhHfs;.

mg;gbg; gl;ltHfis jdpj;jdpahfTk; $l;lhfTk; mZfp mtHfs; rpq;fsk; gbg;gjhy; rpq;fsr; rl;lj;jpw;F vjpuhd rq;fj;jpd; Nghuhl;lk; kl;Lky;yhJ jkpo; kf;fsJ murpay; Nghuhl;lKk; gytPdk; milAk; Mgj;Jf;fisg; gw;wp vLj;Jf; $w Ntz;bapUe;jJ.

rpq;fsnkhopiag; gbf;fhJ rpq;fsj;jpy; NjHT vOjhJ filrptiu ,Ue;jtHfs;  ty;ntl;bj;Jiwiar; NrHe;j CopaHfs;. ',e;j cj;jpNahfk; ,y;yhtpl;lhy; vd;d? NtW ey;y njhopy; ,Uf;fNt ,Uf;fpwJ' vd;ghHfs;. mJ vd;d njhopy; vd;gij cq;fs; Cfj;Jf;F tpl;L tpLfpNwd;.

,e;j ,lj;jpy; murhq;f vOJtpidQH rq;fj;jpd; jiytuhf ,Ue;j rpthde;jRe;juk; (K. Sivananthasunderam) gw;wp NkYk; rpwpJ nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;. mtHjhd; rq;fj;ij top elj;jpf; nfhz;bUe;jhH. vq;fistpl tajpy; %j;jtH. jPtpu njhopw;rq;fthjp. nghJ vOJtpidQH Nrit rq;fjpd; ePz;l fhy cWg;gpduhf ,Ue;jtH.  nfhz;l nfhs;ifia vspjpy; tpl;Lf; nfhLf;f khl;lhH. vijAk; Rw;wp tisf;fhJ Jzpr;rNyhL Neubahfr; nrhy;yptpLthH. ,jdhy; mtH xU gpbr;rpuhtp vd;w vz;zk; gyUf;F ,Ue;jJ.

'vd;id ehd; vg;gb ,Uf;fpNwNdh mjw;fhf Vw;Wf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. ehd; ,g;gbj;jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W vjpHghHf;ff; $lhJ' ( Accept me as what I am, not as what I should be) vd;W mbf;fb $wpf;nfhs;thH.

jpU. rpthde;jRe;juk; mur Nritapy; ,Ue;J Xa;T ngw;wgpd;dH je;ij nry;tehafj;jpd; jdpr; nrayhsuhf flikahw;wpdhH vd;gij Kd;dNu Fwpg;gpl;Ls;Nsd;.

gpd;dH jkpouRf; fl;rpNahL fUj;J Kuz;ghL fhuzkhf CHfhtj;Jiw eh.cWg;gpdH jpU. v];. etuj;jpdk; mjpy; ,Ue;J ntspNawp 1969 ,y; jkpoH Rahl;rpf; fofj;ij Njhw;Wtpj;jNghJ rpthde;jRe;juk; mtNuhL NrHe;J nfhz;lhH. mg;gbr; NrHe;Jnfhz;ltHfspy; ,d;iwa Njrpag; gl;bay; eh.cWg;gpdH. kh.f. <oNte;jd;> nr. NfhBRtud; Fwpg;gplj;jf;ftHfs;.

tl-fpof;if ,e;jpa mikjpg;gil Mf;fpukpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j fhyj;jpy; (1987-1990) ifJ> nfhiy> rpj;jputij> ghypay; td;Kiw Nfl;Lf; Nfs;tpapd;wp ele;jd. Gypfs; ahH> nghJ kf;fs; ahH vd NtWgLj;jp ghHf;f Kbahj ,e;jpa ,uhZtk; fz;lgb kf;fis Rl;Lf; nfhd;wJ. =yq;fh ghJfhg;Gg; gilapdhy; elj;jhg;gl;l nfhiyfisAk; mlf;FKiwfisAk; jl;bf; Nfl;f aho;g;ghzf; Flhehl;by; vz;gJ Kw;gFjpapy; ,Ue;J Fbkf;fs; FOf;fs; ,aq;fpf; nfhz;bUe;jd.  mg;NghJ jpU. Nf. rpthde;jRe;juk;  ty;ntl;bj;Jiw Fbkf;fs; FOTf;F jiytuhf ,Ue;jhH. Mdhy; mjw;fhd tpiyia mtH ntF tpiutpy; nfhLf;f Ntz;bapUe;jJ.

1987 Ig;grp 21 ,y; tPukuzk; mile;j nyt;.Nfzy; re;Njhrk; (Nf.cikNerd;) mtHfsJ KjyhtJ epidTf; $l;lk; mupahiyapy; ele;jJ. mjpy; jpU. rpthde;jRe;juk; ciuahw;wp tpl;L ty;ntl;bj;Jiwf;F Ng&e;jpy; jpUk;gpf; nfhz;bUe;jhH. Ng&e;J ty;iyntspapy; gazpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jNghJ ,e;jpa ,uhZtj;jpd; $ypfshd ,gpvy;MHvt; fhilaHfshy; mJ ,ilkwpf;fg;gl;lJ. mtHfs; mjpy; gazk; nra;j jpU. rpthde;jRe;juj;ij ntspapy; ,Oj;J Jg;ghfpahy; Rl;Lf; nfhd;whHfs;. ,gpvy;MHvt; $ypg;gilapd; kdpj Ntl;ilf;F gypahd Ehw;Wf;fzf;fhd mg;ghtp nghJ kf;fspy; jpU. rpthde;jRe;juKk; xUtH.

murhq;f vOJtpidQH rq;fk; njhlf;fg;gl;l ifNahL 'vOr;rp' vd;w ngaupy; xU jpq;fs; VL njhlf;fg;gl;lJ. mjd; Mrpupauhf ehd; epakpf;fg; gl;Nld;.

'vOr;rp' vd;w ngaiug; gupe;Jiu nra;jtH fyhepjp fNzrypq;fk; MthH. mur Nritapy; vOj;juhfr; NrHe;J gFjpNeuj;jpy; gbj;J Kd;Df;F te;jtH. cyf tq;fpapy; caH gjtp tFj;jtH. ey;y jkpo; czHthsH.

,yz;ld; gy;fiyf; fof KJfiyg; gl;lk; (nghUshjhuk;) ngw;w Kjy; Ie;J ,yq;ifaUk; jkpoHfs; MthHfs;. me;j Ie;J NgUk; mur Nritapy; ,Ue;J nfhz;Nl ntspthup khztHfshf gbj;Jg; gl;lk; ngw;whHfs;.

mjpy; fyhepjp fNzrypq;fk; ePq;fyhf kw;wtHfs; jpU. rq;fug;gps;is (Kd;dhs; ,yq;if Nkhl;lhH Nghf;ftuj;J jpizf;fs MizahsH) jpU.,uhruj;jpdk; (nfhOk;G njhopy;El;gf; fy;Yhup tpupTiuahsH). kw;w ,UtHfsJ ngaH epidtpy; ,y;iy. ,jpy; jpU.rq;fug;gps;is kw;Wk; jpU. ,uhruj;jpdk; vdJ MrpupaHfshtH.

vOr;rp VL ngaUf;F xg;g kpf vOr;rpNahL ntspte;J nfhz;bUe;jJ. gj;NjhL gjpndhd;W Nghy; ,y;yhJ vOr;rp xU NtWgl;l cUtj;NjhLk; cs;slf;fj;NjhLk; ntspte;jJ. Mrpupa jiyaq;fk; #lhf ,Uf;Fk;. jpuhtpl ,af;f nry;thf;F fhuzkhf vdJ vOj;jpy; vJif Nkhid jhuhskhfTk; VuhskhfTk; ,lk; ngWk;.   

vOr;rp jkpo;j; Njrpaj;ij Kd;ndLg;gjpy; jPtpukhf ,Ue;jJ. jkpopdj;Jf;Fs; ,Ue;j Ie;jhk; gilia jaT jhl;rz;ak; ,d;wp NjhYupj;Jf; fhl;Ltjpy; Kk;kukhf <Lgl;lJ. Kf;fpakhf nghJ vOJ tpidQH rq;fj;jpd; ,uz;lfj;Jf;Fg; gpd;dUk; mjpy; njhlHe;J ,Ue;j jkpoHfisf; fLikahfr; rhbaJ.  mNj rkak; rpq;fs ,dthjj;ij mk;gyg;gLj;JtjpYk; fUj;jhf ,Ue;jJ. RUf;fkhfr; nrhd;dhy; mJ xU njhopw;rq;fj;jpd; Vlhf ,y;yhky; 'Rje;jpud;' fpoik Vl;bd; ,d;ndhU  gjpg;ghf ntspte;J nfhz;bUe;jJ.

vdJ vOj;Jg; gazj;Jf;F vOr;rpjhd; fsk; mikj;Jj; je;jJ. ePjpkd;wj;jpy; NfhBRtud; tof;F ele;J nfhz;bUe;jNghJ mjid jkpopy; nkhopngaHj;J vOr;rpapy; njhlHr;rpahf  ntspapl;Nld;. me;j nkhop ngaHg;G gl;lwpT gpw;fhyj;jpy; ifnfhLj;jJ. njhz;ZhW gpw;gFjpapy; RNu\; khzpf;fthrfUf;F vjpuhd  ePjpkd;w thof;F tprhuizapd; Kf;fpa gFjpfis cyfj;jkpoH ,jOf;fhf ehd;jhd; jkpopy; nkhopngaHj;Njd;. mLj;j fpoik NfhBRtud; tof;Fg; gw;wp vOJNtd;. (gazk; njhlUk;)  

 td;dpr; nryT (16) 

ahg;G tpjp 29f;F nfhs;sp itj;j NjhoH nfhy;tpd; MH.b. rpy;th!

ef;fPud;

rpq;fsk; gbg;gjpy;iy vd;w Kbtpdhy; jkpo; mur CopaHfs; fLikahd ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shdhHfs;.

ehd; Vw;fdNt Fwpg;gpl;lgb rpq;fs muir tpl rpq;fs mur CopaHfNs rpq;fs nkhopia eilKiwg;gLj;j xw;iwf; fhypy; epd;whHfs;.

rpq;fs CopaHfs; rpyUf;F rpq;fsnkhopj; NjHr;rp ,y;yhky; ,Ue;jJ. mtHfs; NtW topapd;wp Mq;fpyj;jpy; Fwpg;Gfis vOjpdhHfs;. mg;gbg;gl;ltHfs; rpq;fs nkhop ntwpaHfshy; rpq;fs nkhop eilKiwf;F vjpuhd rjpfhuHfs; vd tir ghlg;gl;lhHfs;.

nts;sk; jiyf;F Nky; VWtij czHe;j ehq;fs; rpq;fsr; rl;lj;jpd; nry;Yk; nry;yhj; jd;ikia vjpHj;J ePjpkd;wj;Jf;Fg; Nghdhy; vd;d vd;W Nahrpj;Njhk;. 

rpq;fsk; kl;Lk; rl;lk; ehlhSkd;w tpthjj;jpd; NghJ me;jr; rl;lk; murpay; ahg;gpd; tpjp 29ia kPWtjhf cs;sJ vd jkpouRf; fl;rp kl;Lky;y md;iwa vjpHfl;rp tupirapy; ,Ue;j ,lJrhupf; fl;rpfSk; thjpl;ld.

rpq;fsk; kl;Lk; rl;lk; jkpo; CopaHfisr; rpq;fsk; gbf;f fl;lhag;gLj;jpaJ Nghy; tl-fpof;fpy; flikahw;Wk; rpq;fs CopaHfs; jkpo; gbf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W fl;lhag;gLj;jtpy;iy. ,J rpq;fs r%fj;Jf;F xU ePjpAk; jkpo; r%fj;Jf;F ,d;ndhU ePjpAk; toq;FtJ MFk;. mJ tpjp 29 ia kPWtJ Jyhk;gukhfj; njupe;jJ.

rpf;fy;fs;  vJthf ,Ue;jhYk; mtw;iw je;ij nry;tehafj;jplk;jhd; nfhz;L NghNthk;. mtuJ tPl;Lf;F fjNt ,y;iy. mJ Nghy mtuJ ,jaf; fjTf;Fk; G+l;by;iy.

jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;lj;ijAk; mjd; fPo; tpLf;fg;gl;l jpiwr;Nrup mwpf;ifAk; ,yq;ifapd; ahg;G tpjp 29f;F KuzhdJ vd tof;F itf;Fk; Nahridia mtuplk; nrhd;Ndhk;. tof;if nty;y Kbahtpl;lhYk; jdpr; rpq;fsj;Jf;F vjpuhf ePjpkd;wj;ij xU Nkilahfg; gad;gLj;j mJ gad;gLk; vd;gJ vkJ thjkhFk;. 

je;ij nry;tehafk; ahH vijr; nrhd;dhYk; kzpf; fzf;fpy; nghWikahff; Nfl;Fk; kdg; gf;Ftk; cilatH. Nfl;Ltpl;L Nehiar; nrhd;d ePq;fNs mjw;fhd kUe;ijAk; nrhy;Yq;fs; vd;W Nfl;ghH. Mdhy; ,k; Kiw mtNu ve;jf; Nfs;tpAkpd;;wp vq;fis jpU.K.jpUr;nry;tk;> fpA+.rp. mtHfsplk; mDg;gp itj;jhH.

Mdhy; mtUf;F cs;Su jkpo; kf;fsJ murpay; cupikfis ePjpkd;wq;fspy; tof;fhbg; ngwyhk; vd;w ek;fpf;if ,Uf;ftpy;iy. mjw;F gy NjHjy; tof;Ffs; kw;Wk; ,yq;if FbAupikr; rl;lj;Jf;F vjpuhd tof;F (nfhlfd;gps;is tof;F) Njhy;tpapy; Kbe;jJ Kf;fpa fhuzkhFk;.

md;iwa fhy fl;lj;jpy;  gy jkpoHfs; rl;lj;Jiwapy; nfhbfl;bg; gwe;J nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. jpU.K.jpUr;nry;tj;ij Nghy gyH fpA+.rp. Mf ,Ue;jhHfs;.

jpU. v];.N[.tp. nry;tehafk;> jpU.[p.[p.nghd;dk;gyk;> jpU. v];.eNlrd;> jpU.gp. etuj;jpduhrh> jpU. rp. ,uq;fehjd; ,g;gb xU ePz;l fpA+.rp. gl;bay; ,Ue;jJ.

jpU.jpUnry;tj;NjhL ele;j rl;l MNyhridia mLj;J jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;lj;jpw;F vjpuhfTk; mjd; fPo; rk;gs caHit kWj;J tpLf;fg;gl;l jpiwr;Nrup Rw;wwpf;iff;F vjpuhfTk; tof;F itg;gJ vd KbthfpaJ. mtUf;F cjtpahf jpU. rp.,uq;fehjd;> fpa+.rp jpU. mz;lTl; ,g;gb ,UgJ Kg;gJ rl;lj;juzpfs;  ve;jtpj CopaKk; thq;fhky; tof;if elj;j Kd;te;jhHfs;.

murhq;f vOJ tpidQH rq;fg; nghJr; nrayH jpU..,.ghyRg;gpukzpak; tof;fpw;F Ntz;ba Mtzq;fis NjLtJ> rhl;rpaq;fis xOq;F gLj;JtJ> rl;lj;juzpfisr; re;jpg;gJ Nghd;w nghWg;Gf;fis jdpNa jiyapy; Rke;J nfhz;L fhy Neuk; ghuhJ Xb Xbg; gzpahw;wpdhH. 

tof;fpy; KiwaPl;lhsuhf tUtjw;F %d;W ehd;F NgH Kd;te;jhHfs;. gpd;dH gae;J gpd;thq;fp tpl;lhHfs;. muRf;F vjpuhf mjw;F Kd;dH ve;j CopaUk; tof;fhltpy;iy. epHthf tpjpfs; mjw;F ,lk; nfhLf;ftpy;iy. tpjpia kPWgtHfs; Ntiyia ,of;Fk; mghak; ,Ue;jJ.

mLj;J vd;d nra;ayhk; vd Nahrpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jNghJ NfhBRtuidf; Nfl;Lg; ghHf;fyhk; vd vz;zpNdhk;.. mtH mg;NghJ Nffhiy njhopy; jpizf;fsj;jpy; Ntiy nra;J nfhz;bUe;jhH. mtiuf; Nfl;l NghJ kW Ngr;R ,y;yhky; ,uz;nlhU ehspy; nfhOk;Gf;F te;J cupa ePjpkd;w KiwaPl;L Mtzq;fspy; ifnaOj;Jg; Nghl;Lf; nfhLj;Jtpl;L jpUk;gpg; Ngha;tpl;lhH.

,jpy; Ntbf;if vd;dntd;why; NfhBRtuDf;F rpq;fsk; jiyfuzkhfj; njupAk;. mtuJ je;ijahH xU fhyj;jpy; khj;jisapy; Ntiy ghHj;J te;jhH. NfhBRtud; mq;Fs;s Muk;gg; gs;spg; $lj;jpy; gbj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jNghNj rpq;fsj;ij vOjTk; NgrTk; rpd;d tajpNyNa Kiwahff; fw;Wf; nfhz;lhH. ,e;jr; nra;jp mtUf;F neUf;fkhd xU rpyUf;F kl;LNk njupe;jpUe;jJ. 

jpU.NfhBRtuid vdf;F 1957 Mk; Mz;L njhlf;fk; njupAk;. ,uz;L NgUk; jpUkiyf; fr;Nrup fhzpg;gpuptpy; mUfUNf ,Ue;J gzp nra;Njhk;.

Fb ,Ue;jJk; xd;whfj;jhd;. Kd;dhs; jpUkiy ehlhSkd;w cWg;gpdH vd;.MH. ,uhrtNuhjak; tPl;L tsTf;Fs; ,Ue;j ,d;ndhU rpwpa tPl;by; ehq;fs; Fb ,Ue;Njhk;. mg;NghJ NfhBRtud; ,yz;ld; ,sq;fiyg; gl;lg; gbg;G NjHT vOj tPl;by; gbj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhH.

jpU.,uhrtNuhjak; mtHfsJ njhFjp njhlHghd gzpfSf;F ehq;fs; ,u;zL NgUk; cjtpahf ,Ue;Njhk;.

NfhBRtuDf;Fk; vdf;Fk; murpay;> r%fk; njhlHghf xj;j fUj;Jk; fz;Nzhl;lKk; ,Ue;jJ. vd;idg; NghyNt mtUk; xU gFj;jwpTthjp. Mq;fpyk; jkpo; ,uz;bYk; ed;whfg; NgrTk; vOjTk; ty;ytH. rl;lf; fy;Yhupapy; NrHe;J gbj;J ntspNawp rllj;juzpahf aho;g;ghzj;jpy; ePz;l fhyk; njhopy; nra;J tUfpwhH.

vz;gJf;Fg; gpd;dH mtNuhL ,Ue;j njhlHG tpl;Lg; Ngha;tpl;lJ. ,k;Kiw aho;g;ghzj;jpy; mtiu re;jpf;f vLj;j Kaw;rpAk; if$ltpy;iy.

tof;F tprhuiz khtl;l ePjpgjp O.L. de Kretzer  (Jr). Kd;dpiyapy; ePz;l fhyk; eil ngw;wJ. Vuhskhd rhl;rpfs;  tof;fhsp rhHghfTk; muR rhHghfTk; rhl;rpak; mspj;jhHfs;. tof;fhsp rhHgpy; rhl;rpak; mspj;jtHfspy; jpU.K.rptrpjk;guKk; gh.c. Tk; xUtH. mtiu mur rl;lkh mjpgH tpf;lH njd;df;Nfhd; fLikaff; FWf;F tprhuiz nra;jJ vdf;F ,d;Dk; epidtpy; ,Uf;fpwJ.  tpf;lH njd;df;Nfhd; gpw;fhyj;jpy; cr;r ePjpkd;wj;jpd; Kjd;ik ePgjpahf epakpf;fg;gl;lhH.

,e;j tof;F murpay; kw;Wk; rl;lj;Jiw tl;lq;fspy; gugug;ghf Ngrg;gl;lJ. rpq;fs muirg; nghWj;jstpy; tof;F xU khdg; gpur;rpid Mfp tpl;lJ. mg;NghJ jpUkjp. =khNth gz;lhuehaf;fhjhd; gpujkuhf ,Ue;jhH.

tprhuiz Kbtpy; (1964) ePjpaurH O.L. de Kretzer (Jr)   NfhBRtuDf;F rhjfkhf  jPHg;G toq;fpdhH.

NfhBRtuid rpq;fsk; gbf;f muR tw;GWj;JtJ mtH mur Nritapy; NrUk; NghJ nra;J nfhz;l Nrit xg;ge;jj;jpw;F KuzhdJ.  vdNt rpq;fsk; gbf;FkhW mtiu muR tw;GWj;j KbahJ. mtuJ rk;gs caHitAk; epWj;jp itf;f  KbahJ vdj; jPHg;gpy; Fwpg;gpl;lhH. NkYk;  jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;lk; ,yq;ifapd; ahg;G tpjp 29f;F KuzhdJ. xU r%fj;Jf;F (rpq;fstH) ed;ikahfTk; ,d;ndhU r%fj;Jf;F (jkpoHfSf;F) ghjfkhfTk; mJ ,Uf;fpwJ. vdNt jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;lk; rl;lj;jpy; gOjhdJ (bad in law)  vdj; jPHg;G vOjpdhH. 

,e;j jPHg;ig muR jug;G vjpHghHf;ftpy;iy. Fwpg;ghf jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;lk; rl;lj;jpy; gOjhdJ vd;W ePjpkd;wk; jPHg;Gf; $Wk; vd;W mtHfs; nfhQ;rKk; vjpHghHf;ftpy;iy.

clNd muR cr;r ePjpkd;wj;Jf;F Nkd;KiwaPL nra;jJ. Kjd;ik ePjpaurH vr;.vd;.[p. ngHdhe;J kw;Wk; ePjpaurH [p.gp.V. rpy;th Kd;dpiyapy; tof;F tprhuizf;F vLj;Jf; nfhsg;gl;lJ. muR rhHgpy; Nthy;lH n[atHj;jdh fpA+.rp. Ak; tof;fhsp NfhBRtud; rhHgpy; rp. ,uq;fehjd;> fpA+.rp. Ak; Njhd;wp thjhbdhHfs;.

cr;r ePjpkd;w ePjpaurHfs; ,UtUk; khtl;l ePjpgjpapd; jPHg;ig js;sp itj;J jPHg;gspj;jhHfs;. ,e;jj; jPHg;G 1967 ,y; toq;fg;gl;lJ. xU mur CopaUf;F muRkPJ tof;Fj; njhlu cupik ,y;iy. fhuzk; mg;gbg;gl;l xUtH cj;jpNahfk; ghHg;gNj murpd; jatpy;jhd; (At the pleasure of the crown).  jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;lj;ijg; nghWj;jstpy; me;jr; rl;lk; gw;wpa fUj;Jf; $WtJ mdhtrpak; vd;W ePjpaurHfs; jq;fs; jPHg;gpy; $wpdhHfs;.

NfhBRtud; tof;fpy; muRf;F vjpuhf jPHg;gspj;j ePjpaurH O.L. de Kretzer (Jr)  ia =khNth muR gopthq;fpaJ. mtUf;Fupa cr;r ePjpkd;w ePjpgjpg; gjtp filrptiu nfhLf;fg;gltpy;iy.

vq;;fisg; nghWj;jstpy; ,e;jj; jPHg;G vjpHghHf;fg;gl;l xd;Wjhd;. NkYk; ePjpkd;wq;fspy; ePjpiag; ngwyhk; vd;w ek;gpf;if vq;fSf;F vg;NghJk;  ,Uf;ftpy;iy. rpq;fsr; rl;lj;jpy; jkpoHfSf;F ,iof;fg;gl;l mePjpia cyFf;Ff; fhl;lNt mjid vjpHj;J tof;fhbNdhk;.

xU MWjy;. ,e;jj; jPHg;G cr;r ePjpkd;w ePjpgjpfs; $l rl;lj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; ,y;yhJ KOf;f KOf;f ,dthj murpay; mbg;gilapy;jhd;  jPHg;G toq;FthHfs; mJ elf;ff; $baJjhd; vd;w jkpo;kf;fsJ vz;zj;ij nka;g;gpf;f cjtpaJ. 

,Ue;Jk; cr;r ePjpkd;wj; jPHg;ig vjpHj;J ,yz;ldpy;  cs;s  Privy  Council  f;F Nkd;KiwaPL nra;ag;gl;lJ. nryitr; rupf;fl;l jkpo; mur CopaHfs; jq;fsJ xU khj rk;gsj;ij nfhLj;J cjtpdhHfs;. nghJ kf;fSk; jhuhskhf epjpAjtp nra;jhHfs;.

gpupj;jhdpahtpy; mg;NghJ kpfTk; gpugykhf ,Ue;j tof;FiuQH  Dingle Foot, QC kw;Wk; gy tof;fwpQHfs; mkHj;jg;gl;lhHfs;. mtHfSf;F cjtpahf jpU. rp. ,uq;fehjd; fpA+.rp. ,yz;ld; NghdhH.

gpupj;jhdpa cr;r ePjpkd;wk; NfhBRtud; Nkd;KiwaPl;il Vw;Wf; nfhz;L mur CopaH xUtH jdJ rk;gs epYitiaf; Nfl;L muRf;F vjpuhf tof;Fj; njhluyhk;>  me;j cupik mtUf;F ,Uf;fpwJ vdj; jPHg;gspj;jJ.

jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;lj;ijg; nghWj;jstpy; mJ  ahg;G tpjp 29,d; gpufhuk; nry;YgbahFkh ,y;iyah vd;gij ,yq;if cr;r ePjpkd;wk; tprhupj;J jPHg;Gf; $w Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; gzpj;jJ.

kPz;Lk; 1970 ,y; Ml;rpf;F te;j =khNth gz;lhuehaf;fh 1972 ,y; Gjpa murpay; ahg;igf; nfhz;L te;J epiwNtw;wpdhH. mjd;NghJ Nrhy;ngup murpay; ahg;Gk; tpjp 29 Mk; nrj;njhope;jJ. mjw;F nfhs;sp itj;jtH ahg;G tptfhuq;fSf;F nghWg;ghf ,Ue;j mikr;rH  nfhy;tpd; MH.b.rpy;thjhd;!

1956 ,y; jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;l %yk; ehlhSkd;wj;jpy; tpthjpf;fg;gl;l NghJ 'xU nkhop ,uz;L ehL ,uz;L nkhop xU ehL' vd jpUtha;kyHe;j mNj Trotskyite NjhoH  nfhy;tpd; MH.b. rpy;thjhd;! (gazk; njhlUk;)

td;dpr; nryT (17)

kiyafj; jkpoupd; FbAupik thf;Fupik gwpg;Gf;F JizNghd jkpoHfs;!

ef;fPud;

'kpfTk; nrq;Fj;jhd ,lq;fspy; $l;lk; $l;lkhf ngz;fs; epd;W nfhz;L kpfTk; ,yhtfkhf Njapiyf; nfhOe;ijg; gwpj;J $ilapy; epug;gpf; nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. ,yq;ifg; nghUshjhuj;jpd; KJnfYk;G ,e;j kiyafj; njhopyhsHfs;jhd;. Njapiyj; Njhl;lq;fs; fz;Zf;Ff; FspHr;rpahf ,Ue;jJ' vd;W vOjpNdd; (ghfk; 12) my;yth?

me;jf; fhl;rpia czHr;rpf; ftpQH fhrp Mde;jd; 'jkpor;rp' vd;w ftpij %yk; tbj;Jj; je;jJ epidTf;F te;jJ.

,yq;if kiyjdpNy... jkpor;rp! 
   vd;d Januyhk; fhZfpd;whab!
Koq;if typj;jplNt Njapiy
   Kisfs; gwpj;J Kfk; rptg;ghak;kh!
tpyq;Fk; cwq;fpepw;Fk; rhkj;jpy; 
   tpopj;J neLkiy Vwp ,wq;Ftha;!
goq;fs; gOj;jplhNjh cd; fhypy;?
   gr;irf; FUjpePH ghahNjh fz;kzp?

fhiyg; gdpeidtha;! vd;dk;kh...
   fha;e;J eLntapy; jdpNy fUFtha;;
ghiy epide;jOthd; cd; gps;is...
   ghtp ntWk; Kiy epide;jOthab!
Vio mbikab jkpor;rp!
   ,q;NfhH jkpOly; VndLj;jhak;kh?
Cio epide;joNth? jkpodpd;
   cupik ,yhepiy vz;zp moNthb?

fhl;L kiyjdpNy.. jkpor;rp!
   fhyk; KOtJk; eP cioj;njd;db?
Xl;ilf; Fbirnahd;Wk; tho;tpNy
   Xah tWikAk; NehAk; ,itad;wp
Njl;lk; vJgilj;jha;? mb xU 
   nrk;Gg; gzNkDk; NjwpaJz;Nlhb?
ehl;bd; KJnfYk;Ng jkpor;rp!
  ehdpyk; thoeP khs;tNjh mk;kh?

kfhftp ghujpahUk; gw;gy jPtpDk; gutpa vspa jkpor; rhjp jbAij Az;Lk; grpahy; nkype;Jk;  gpzpahw; nrj;Jk; kbe;j Vioj; njhopyhsHfisg; gw;wp ghl kwf;ftpy;iy.

'G+kpg; ge;jpd; fPo;g;Gwj; Js;s
gw;gy jPtpDk; gutp apt;ntspa
jkpor; rhjp jbAij Az;Lk;
fhYij Az;Lk;  fapw;wb Az;Lk;
tUe;jpLQ; nra;jpAk; kha;e;jpLQ; nra;jpAk;
ngz;biu kpNyr;rH gpupj;jply; nghwhJ
nrj;jpLQ; nra;jpAk; grpahw; rhjYk;
gpzpahw; rhjYk; ngUe;njhif As;sjhk;
ehl;bidg; gpupe;j eyptpdhw; rhjYk;
,/njyhk; Nfl;Lk; vdJsk; mope;jpNyd;...'  (ghujpahH ghly;fs; - jkpor; rhjp)

njhopyhsHfsJ ciog;igr; Ruz;LtJ vd;gJ Kjyhspj;Jt nghUshjhu mikg;gpy; ,aw;ifahdJ. Mdhy; kiyafj; njhopyhsHfs; Ruz;lg;gl;lJ Nghy; NtW ahUNk cyf tuyhw;wpy; Ruz;lg;gl;lJ fpilahJ.

njhopyhsHfs; vd;w fhuzj;jhy; Ruz;lg;gl;ljw;F Nkyhf mtHfs; jkpoHfshfg; gpwe;j Fw;wj;Jf;fhfTk; ,d mbg;gilapy; mtHfsJ cupikfs; gwpf;fg;gl;ld. murpay; kl;lj;jpy; gop thq;fg;gl;lhHfs;.

,yq;iff;F ,e;jpa njhopyhsHfspd; Kjy; njhFjp tUif 1837 Mk; Mz;bNyNa njhlq;fpaJ. ,jidj; njhlHe;J 1939 Mk; Mz;Ltiu njhFjp njhFjpahf te;J NrHe;jhHfs;. Mdhy; mNj Mz;L ,e;jpah ifj;jpwd; mw;w njhopyhspfs; (unskilled labour) ,yq;iff;F ,lk; ngaHtjw;F jil tpjpj;jJ. ,UgJfspy; thf;Fupik FbapUg;G kw;Wk; nrhj;Jupik mbg;gilapy; ,Ue;jJ. 1924 ,y; ,e;ejpa tk;rhtopapdupd; vz;zpf;if 204>997 Mf ,Ue;jJ. ,J nkhj;j kf;fs; njhifapy; 4 tpOf;fhlhFk;.

,e;jpa tk;rhtopapduJ thf;Fupik gw;wp xUNghJk; rr;ruT ,Ue;jjpy;iy. fhuzk; ,e;jpa - ,yq;if ,uz;L ehLfSk; gpupj;jhdpa NguuRf;F cl;gl;l ehLfshf ,Ue;jjhy; ,U rhuhUNk gpupj;jhdpa Nguurpd; fPo; xj;j cupik cila Fbkf;fs;  (British subjects)  Mf ,Ue;jhHfs;.

1946 Mk; Mz;by; vLf;fg;gl;l kf;fs; njhiff; fzpg;gpd; gb ,e;jpa tk;rhtopj; jkpoHfsJ vz;zpf;if 780>000 (11.7) MFk;.  ,yq;ifj; jkpoHfsJ vz;zpf;if 733>731 (11.0) MFk;. vdNt jkpoHfsJ nkhj;j tpOf;fhL 22.7 MFk;.

Mdhy; ,yq;if Rje;jpuk; ngw;w mNj Mz;L b.v];. Nrdehaf;fh nfhz;L te;J  epiwNtw;wpa FbAupik rl;lj;jpd; (vz; 18 -1948)  fPo; vl;L ,yl;rk; kiyafj; jkpoHfsJ FbAupik gwpf;fg;gl;lJ.

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