Kd;Diu

'new;wpf; fz;izf; fhl;bdhYk; Fw;wk; Fw;wNk' - ,J ef;fPud; newp.
 

flTNshL NkhjpdhH ef;fPud; vd;gJ gioa fij.

,d;W -

flTis my;y - fzpaj;NjhL  (Nrhjplk;) NkhJfpwhH ef;fPud;.

ef;fPud; fzpaj;Jf;F vjpuhf itf;Fk; rhd;Wfs; vk;ik mirf;fpd;wd.

mwptpay; nfhz;L fzpaj;ij (Nrhjplk;) mtH Xq;fp mbf;fpd;whH.

New;Wtiu gpwH epfo;j;jpa NkNyhl;lkhd Ma;Tfs; Nghy; ,y;yhky; fzpaj;ij  neUg;gpd; ehf;Ffshy; vupj;Jr; rhk;gyhf;FfpwhH.

thdpay; cz;ikfis thupg; nghopAk; Ehy;.

Nrhjpl rhj;jpuj;ij vOjpatHfSf;F ,d;iwa thdpay; gw;wpa mwpNth - Muha;r;rpNah ,Uf;ftpy;iy. mjw;fhd tha;g;Gk; etPd fUtpfSk;  mtHfsplk; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. 'Qhdf; fz;' xd;W kl;LNk ,Ue;jJ'

vd;W $Wk; ef;fPud;>

'ntg;g kz;ly ehs;fhl;b> gQ;rhq;fk; Nghd;wit fzpg;gjw;Fg; gad;gLfpwJ. mjd; mbg;gilapy; NrhjplHfs; gad;gLj;Jk; ntg;gkz;ly ,uhrpr; rf;fuk; (Tropical Zodidac) Kw;wpYk; gpioahdJ. mJ 2>000 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;dH thdpy; fhzg;gl;l el;rj;jpuq;fs; - kw;Wk; Nfhs;fsJ ,Uf;ifiaNa fhl;LfpwJ. ,Jgw;wp EhW Mz;LfSf;F Kd;G tho;e;j kfhftp ghujpahH rhkpehja;aiu Nkw;Nfhs; fhl;b vOjpapUg;gij mg;gbNa fPNo jUfpNwd;'

vdr; nrhy;ytpl;L> ghujpahH fUj;ij vLj;J itf;fpwhH.

'madtp\{f;fspd; rydj;ij (,af;fj;ij) mwpahkNyh mwpe;jpUe;Jk; ftdpahkNyh ]k;tj;ruj;jpd; gupkhzj;ij 20  epkp\k; [h];jpahf (mjpfkhf) fzpj;J tpl;lgbahy;> mad tp\{ fhyq;fs; tU\k; xd;Wf;F 20½ epkp\k; gpe;jp tUfpd;wd. 80 tU\j;jpy; xU KOehs; gpe;jptpLk;.

Nkw;Fwpj;j epakq;fs; Vw;gl;L ,g;NghJ mNef E}w;whz;Lfsha; tpl;lgbahy; Gz;a fhyq;fs; 20> 22 ehs; gpe;jpg;Ngha; epakq;fs; gpuj;jpa\j;Jf;F tpNuhjkhfpapUf;fpd;wd.' (ghujpahH fl;Liufs; - gf;fk; 210-211)

Nkw; $wg;gl;Ls;s fzpak; gw;wpa Ma;tpy; xU rpW jpUj;jk; nra;fpwhH ef;fPud;.

'rhkpehja;aH Fwpg;gpl;l fhy tpj;jpahrk; rup> Mdhy; 80 Mz;Lfs; vd;W vOjpapUg;gJ jtW. mJ 72 Mz;Lfs; vd;W ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. 

'Gtpapd; ikag; gFjpapy; QhapW kw;Wk; epyh ,uz;bdhYk; Vw;gLk; vjpH  vjpH <Hg;Gf; fhuzkhf  Gtp mr;rpd; Row;rpia js;shlr; nra;J Nkw;F Nehf;fp (QhapW ghijapy;) gpd; js;SfpwJ (precession of equinox) vd;gijf; fz;L gpbj;Jr; nrhy;ypatH. ,JNt madhk;rk; vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ. Mz;nlhd;Wf;F 50.291 MHf; nehbfs; (50.291 arc seconds per year) tPjk; 72 Mz;Lfspy; 1 ghif NtWghL Vw;gLfpwJ.  

gpioahd thdpay; fzpg;gpd; mbg;gilapy; rupahd fzpak; (Nrhjplk;) vg;gbg; gpwf;Fk;? vd;gJjhd; ef;fPudpd; Nfs;tp.

mzpaj;ij mtH gy KidfspypUe;J fLikahfr; rhLfpwhH.

',uhrpfis Mz;-ngz; vdg; ghFgLj;jp trpag; nghUj;jk; ghHg;gJ mwptPdk;. ,uhrpfis Mz; ngz; vd;W vg;gbg; gpupj;jhHfs;? Nklk; njhlq;fp  kPdk; <whf tUk; gd;dpuz;L ,uhrpfspy; xw;iwg;gl tUk; ,uhrpfs; Mz; ,uhrpfs; vd;Wk; ,ul;ilg;gl tUk; ,uhrpfs; ngz; ,uhrpfs; vd;Wk; NrhjplHfs; gpupj;jpUf;fpd;whHfs;. ,g;gb xw;iw ,ul;il ghHj;Jg; gpupg;gJ  ve;jtpj tpjpf;fl;Lg;ghLk; (arbitrary) ,d;wpr; nra;ag;gl;ljhFk;. vy;yhk; fz;  ghHit njupahjtd; kidtpia mbj;j my;yJ ,Ul;liwapy; fWg;Gg; G+idiaj; Njba fijjhd;!

fzpaj;ij - fzpaHfis ef;fPud; frf;fpg; gpopfpwhH.

epiwag; gbj;J ef;fPud; nra;j Ma;Tk; -epWty;fSk; epkpHe;Nj epw;fpd;wd.

vjpHfhyj;jpy; fzpaj;ij (Nrhjplk;) vtNuDk; ,j;jid Mokhf Ma;T nra;thHfs; vd;gJ ma;aNk.

ngUk; Kaw;rp> fLk; ciog;G> mupa gzp.

Nrhjplg; Gul;L> fzpak; kf;fSf;F ,iof;Fk; jPq;fpid cuj;Jr; nrhy;fpwJ.

fzpaj;ij ef;fPud; ngha; vd;W nrhy;tjhy; ahUk; rpdk; mila Ntz;bajpy;iy - Vndd;why; ngha;ia ePq;fs; fzpak; vd;W nrhy;tjhy; mtH rpdk; mile;jpUf;fpwhH.

ehd; ef;fPud; gf;fNk!

mtH gilg;G -

mwpahikf;Fj; jPapLk; mdy; gpok;G.

rPHjpUj;jg; Gaypd; rPw;wk;.

cz;ikapd; Fuy;.

jkpopdj;ij vy;yhtifapYk; kPl;nlLf;fg; nghq;fpg; ghAk; mtH jkpOf;Fj; jiy tzq;Ffpd;Nwd;.

fhrp Mde;jd;

nrd;id>

jkpo;ehL

ij 29> 2006

mzpe;Jiu

nuhwd;Nuh efupy; ntsptUk; 'Kof;fk;' thu Vl;by; Vwf;Fiwa xd;wiu Mz;Lfshfr; Nrhjplg; Gul;L vDk; jiyg;gpy; njhlHr;rpahf ef;fPud; vOjpa 71 fl;Liufspd; njhFg;Ng ,e;Ehy;.

ehk; ,d;W 21 Mk; Ehw;whz;bd; njhlf;fj;jpy; tho;fpd;Nwhk;. ehk; thOk; vy;iyaw;w mz;lk; mjd; Njhw;wj;jpypUe;J vt;tsNth khw;wk; mile;Jtpl;lJ. ,d;Wk; khw;wk; mile;J nfhz;NlapUf;fpd;wJ. ,d;iwa GJikfs; ehisa goikfshfyhk;. 'gioad fopjYk; Gjpad GFjYk;' fhyj;jpd; Njit. mwptpaYk; njhopy;El;gKk; md;whlk; tpaj;jFtz;zk; tsHfpd;wd. mwptpayhsHfspd; ,ilawhj Kaw;rpahy;> Gjpa Gjpa fz;Lgpbg;GfSk;> gjpa Gjpa Nfhl;ghLfSk; kdpjidAk;> ,t;Tyfj;ijAk; khw;wk; milar; nra;J nfhz;Nl ,Uf;fpd;wd. me;jtifapy; cyfk; vt;tsNth RUq;fptpl;lJ. cyfk;> ,aw;if gw;wpa fw;gidfs;> ek;gpf;iffs;> khiafs; nky;y nky;y tpilngWfpd;wd.

G+kp rhHghd mjw;Ff; fpl;;ba #upad;> re;jpud;> kw;Wk; Nfhs;fs; Nghd;w thDlypfs; (heavenly bodies) tfpf;Fk; epiyfs;> vt;thW G+kpapd; fhyepiyfs; Nghd;w khw;wq;fis Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wd vd;gij mtjhdpj;j Nrhjpld;> xUgb NkNy Ngha;> thdpy; thDlypfs; tfpf;Fk; epiyfs;> kdpjdpd; tho;tpaiy epHzapf;fpd;wd vd;W ek;gp Nrhjplj;ij cUthf;fpdhd;. me;jtifapy; md;W jdf;Fj; njupe;j #upad;> re;jpud;> Rf;fpud;> Gjd;> nrt;tha;> tpahod;> rdp Mfpa nka;thDlypfSk; mtd; fw;gid nra;j ,uhF> NfJ Mfpa epoy; clypfSk; nja;tPfj;jd;ik nfhz;L mUs; ghypf;Fk; ty;yik tha;e;jd vd;W $wp kf;fis ek;gr; nra;J Vkhw;wp te;jhd;> Vkhw;wp tUfpd;whd;.  

NrhjplHfspd; ,t; Vkhw;W tpj;ijfisj;jhd; Nrhjplg; Gul;L vdf; $wp ef;fPud; ,e;EhYf;F Nrhjplg; Gul;L  vd;w ngaiu itj;Js;shH. mJ kpfg; nghUj;jkhd ngaH vd;Nw ehd; fUJfpNwd;. 

Nrhjplk; ,uz;L gFjpfisf; nfhz;lJ. xd;W gps;is gpwf;Fk; Neuj;jpy thdpYs;s fpufq;fspd; epiyfisf; fzpj;jy;. kw;iwaJ fpufq;fspd; iyfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L gyd;fisf; $Wjy;.

,e;Ehypy; Mq;fhq;Nf NfhjplHfspd; fzpg;gpd; mbg;gilNa gpionad;W MrpupaH vLj;Jf; $Wfpd;whH. NrhjplHfs; 2>000 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;dH thdpay; tpQ;Qhdk; mjd; njhlf;fj;jpypUe;j nghOJ> thdpayhsHfs; ,t; mz;lj;jpd; ikak; G+kp vd;Wk;> mJ mirahg; nghUs; vd;Wk;> mijr; Rw;wp thdpYs;s fpufq;fSk; el;rj;jpuq;fSk; tyk; tUfpd;wd vd;Wk; fUjpj;jhd; md;W fpuf epiyfisf; fzpj;jhHfs;. Mdhy; mf; fUJNfhs; gpionad;gijg; 17 Mk; Ehw;whz;by; tho;e;j epf;fy]; NfhngHdpf;f]; vDk; Nghye;J ehl;ilr; NrHe;j  thdpayhsH (fj;Njhypf;f FUthfTk; ,Ue;jtH)  Kjd;Kiwahf #upaikaf; nfhs;ifia Kd;nkhope;jhH vd ,e;EhyhrpupaH vLj;Jf; fhl;Lfpd;whH. ,ijr; NrhjplHfs; ,d;Dk; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;fpwhHfs; ,y;iy. tpsq;f Kaw;rpf;fpwhHfSkpy;iy. tpsq;fpj; jq;fs; fzpg;G Kiwapy; khw;wq;fisr; nra;aTk; KidfpwhHfspy;iy. ,tHfSila fzpg;gpd; gb fpuf kw;Wk; ,uhrp epiyfs; Nrhjplf; Fwpg;Ngl;bw;whNday;yhky; thdpy; my;y vd;w cz;ikia MrpupaH ,e;Ehypy; epWtpAs;shH.

Nrhjplg; gyd;fisg; nghWj;jtiuapy;> mtw;iw vd;d mbg;gilapy;> gpwe;j Neuj;Jf; fpuf epiyfSld; njhlHG gLj;jyhk; vd;Wk;> xUtUf;fhd Nrhjpl gyd;fs;> NrhjplHfisg; nghWj;J Vd; khWfpd;wd vd;Wk;> $wpa gyd;fs; xUtUf;F tho;ehspy; mg;gbNa Vw;gLfpd;wdth vd;Wk; EhyhrpupaH tpdhTfpd;whH.

NrhjplHfs; $Wk; gyd;fs; FUl;L thf;fpy; my;yhJ kw;wg;gb gpioj;Jg; Nghfpd;wd vd;gij gy;NtW cz;ikr; rk;gtq;fisf; nfhz;L MrpupaH epWTfpwhH. njhlf;f fhyq;fspy; ,e;Jf; Nfhapy; FUkhNu NrhjplKk; nrhd;dhHfs;. me;jtifapy; FUkhHfs; nrhd;dtw;iw Njtthf;nfd kf;fs; gagf;jpNahL ek;gpdhHfs;. vdNt ,e;Jf;fspd; rkahrhukhfTk; fyhrhu mk;rq;fspy; xd;whfTk; Nrhjplk; ,lk; ngw;Wtpl;lnjd;W MrpupaH  $Wfpd;whH. NkYk; gak; fhuzkhfNt kf;fs; Nrhjplj;ijAk; NrhjplHfisAk; ehLfpwhHfs; vd;Wk; $Wfpd;whH.

Nfhs;fSf;Fk; mjhtJ fpufq;fSf;Fk;> gpwf;Fk; gps;isf;Fk; cs;s Kbr;R vd;d vd;W Nfl;L Nrhjplk; gFj;jwptw;w %lj;jdk; vd;W gupfrpf;fpd;whH. ,e;Ehiy vOe;j khdj;jpy; MrpupaH vOjtpy;iy. mtH gy thdpay; tpQ;Qhd Ehy;fisAk; Vd; gy Nrhjpl Ehy;fisAk; gbj;J crhtp Ma;T nra;Jjhd; ,e;Ehiy vOjpAs;shH. mjw;fhd rhd;Wfs; Ehy; vq;fpDk; fhzf; $bajhf ,Uf;fpd;wd.

gFj;jwpitg; gug;gpa jpuhtpl ,af;f Kd;Ndhbfshd je;ij ngupahH> mwpQH mz;zh> rpq;fhuNtyH Nghd;wtHfsJ Mf;fq;fis ,sk; gpuhaj;jpy; gbj;jjd; fhuzkhfj;jhd; mwptpay; fz;Nzhl;lk; (scientific temperament) ,tUf;F  Vw;gl;bUf;f Ntz;Lnkdf; fUJfpNwd;.

,e;Ehypy; Nrhjplj;ij kl;Lky;y> %lek;gpf;ifapd; fhuzkhfTk;  gagf;jp fhuzkhfTk; vk; kf;fspilNa gutyhf ,lk;  gpbj;Js;s  kdpjf; flTsH> mtjhu GUlHfs;> mw;Gjq;fs;> vz; rhj;jpuk;> th];J rhj;jpuk;> khe;jpuPfk;> gpy;yp #dpak;> Nga; gprhR Mfpatw;iw kiwe;j gFj;jwpthsH Vgpufhk; NfhT+H Clhf kWj;Js;shH.

,e;Ehy; Gyk;ngaH vkJ ,se;jiyKiwapdupd; eyd;fUjp Mq;fpyj;jpy; nkhopahf;fk; ngw;Wg; gjpf;fg;gLtJ ed;W. ,e;Ehy; %lek;gpf;iffs; mw;w> mwptpay; rhHe;j> gFj;jwpT gilj;j jkpo;;r; RKjhaj;ijf; fl;bnaOg;g epidf;Fk; xt;nthUtUk; fl;lhak; thq;fpg; gbf;f Ntz;Lk;.

,.Nt. nry;tuj;jpdk;

Kd;dhs; fy;tp mjpfhup (,yq;if)

nuhwd;Nuh

ij 21> 2006

tho;j;Jiu

epyitj; nja;tkhf tzq;fpa fhyKz;L. ,d;W nrt;tha;> Gjd;> epyh  vd;W xt;nthd;iwAk; kdpjd; myrp Muha;e;J epytpNy fhy; gjpj;J fy;iyj; Njhz;b vLj;J te;jhfptpl;lJ. ,Ue;jhYk; ek;kpy; gyH nra;tha; Njhrk;> rdp Njhrk; Nghd;wtw;iw ek;GtHfshfTk; FUg; ngaHr;rp vg;NghJ vd;W fzf;fpLgtHfshTk; tho;fpd;whHfs;. tho;e;jhy;$lg; gUthapy;iyNa! jq;fs; tho;itAk; cw;whH cwtpdHfs; tho;itAk; ghobj;Jk;  nry;tk;> kfpo;r;rpia tPzbj;Jk; Jd;gg;gLfpd;wdH! 

thdpay; vd;gJ mwpT rhHe;jJ – mz;lk; vg;gb vg;NghJ Njhd;wpaJ mJ vg;gb ,aq;FfpwJ vd;gijj; jpUj;jkhf Muha;fpwJ. Nrhjplk; vd;gJ KOf;f KOf;f Vkhw;Wtpj;ij! Vkhspfsplk; gzk; gwpf;fr; rpwe;j njhopy; Nrhjpl rhj;jpukhFk;.  ,ijj; je;ij ngupahH mtHfs; 1938 NyNa Nrhjpl Muha;r;rp vd;W Ehiy vOjp Fiwe;j tpiyf;Ff; nfhLj;J mjd; ngha;ikiag; gug;gpdhH. je;ij ngupahH vd;whNy KfQ; Ropf;Fk; itjPfHfNs Nrhjplj;ij ek;ghky; mjidf; fz;bj;jpUf;fpwhHfs;. ghujpahH> ,uhrhrp> fhkuhrH ,e;jg; gl;baypy; ,lk; gpbj;jtHfs;.

ma;ah ef;fPud; mtHfs; ,e;jr; Nrhjp;lj;ij mf;FNtW MzpNthwhfg; gpupj;J Mo;e;J myrpAs;shH.

xt;nthd;Wk; ed;F Muhag;gl;L tpsf;fkhf vOjg;gl;Ls;sd. vOgj;jpuz;L mj;jpahaq;fspy; ,t;thW myrp Muha;e;J vOjg;gl;l Ehy;fs; NtW VjhtJ ,Uf;fpwjh vd;gJ vdf;Fj; njupahJ. jkpopy; fl;lhak; ,y;iy.

Nkk;Nghf;fhff; $whky; midj;ijAk; fhuz fhupaq;fSld; vLj;Jf; fhl;bf; gy ,lq;fspy; mupa Nkw;Nfhs;fs; fhl;b midtUf;Fk; GupAk;gb vOjpAs;shH. ,jpNy xd;Wk; khaNkh ke;jpuNkh ,y;iy vy;yhk; je;jpuk;jhd; vd;gij jpwe;j kdj;NjhL gbg;gtHfs; ed;F tpsq;fpf; nfhs;thHfs;. vy;yhk; rupq;f> Mdhy; kdjpw;Fs;Ns xU gak; ,Uf;fpwNj vd;gtHfs; ,ijg; gbj;jhy; me;jg; gak; xU klik vd;gij czHthHfs;. Nrhjplk; xU Gul;L> mjw;Fr; nryT nra;Ak; nghUs; tPz; vd;gij ,ijtpl Mjhuj;Jld; nrhy;y KbahJ! Nrhjplj;Jf;F  tPzhFk; nryit vt;tsNth ey;y nray;fSf;Fg; gad;gLj;jyhk;.

cynfq;Fk; thOk; jkpo; kf;fs; Nrhjplj;jpy; nfhz;Ls;s Nkhfj;ijAk; mjw;fhfr; nrytopf;Fk; tPz; nryitAk; xopf;f ,e;j Ehy; fl;lhak; cjTk;. mtutHfs; ,jid thq;fpg; gbg;gJld; epd;Wtplhky; cwtpdHfSf;Fk;  ez;gHfSf;Fk; md;gspg;gha;f; nfhLf;f Ntz;ba Ehy; ,J MFk;.

,jpy; cs;s nra;jpfs; Nghd;W ,dp xUtuhy; ,t;tsT Mokhfj; njhFf;f KbahJ vd;W ehd; ek;GfpNwd;. MfNt ,e;j Ehy; Mq;fpyj;jpYk; kw;w Kf;fpa nkhopfspYk; nkhopngaHf;f MHtyHfs; Kd;tu Ntz;Lk; vd;W Ntz;b ma;ah ef;fPud; mtHfl;F ed;wpAk; tho;j;Jk; njuptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd;. Nrhjplk; xope;j tho;Nt ey;tho;thFk;!

md;gd;

kUj;JtH Nrhk. ,yf;Ftd;

rpfhNfh

mnkupf;fh

khrp 26> 2006

EhyhrpupaH 

jpU. ef;fPud; aho;g;ghzk>; nfhOk;Gj;Jiwapy; gpwe;jtH. mtuJ ,aw; ngaH jq;fNtY. je;ijahH ngaH NtYg;gps;is.

ef;fPud; jdJ njhlf;ff; fy;tpia nfhOk;Gj;Jiw kfh tpj;jpahyaj;jpYk; caH fy;tpia Rz;bf;Fsp gup.Nahthd; fy;YhupapYk; gbj;J Kbj;jhH.

1951 Mk; Mz;L mur Nritapy; vOj;juhfr; NrHe;jhH. 1956 ,y; jdpr; rpq;fsr; rl;lk; ,yq;if ehlhSkd;wj;jpy; epiwNtwpaijj; njhlHe;J jkpo; mur CopaHfsJ ,Uf;if neUf;fbf;F MshdhJ. rpq;fstiug; ngUk;ghd;ikahff; nfhz;l murhq;f nghJ vOJtpidQH rq;fk; (GCSU) jkpo; CopaHfisf; if fOtp tpl;l epiyapy; mtHfsJ cupikfSf;Fg; Nghuhl jpU. f. rpthde;jRe;juk; mtHfs; jiyikapy; 1959 Mk; Mz;L murhq;f vOJtpidQH rq;fk; (AES) njhlf;fg;gl;lJ. jpU. ef;fPud; mjd; njhlf;f cWg;gpduhfTk;> nray;FO cWg;gpduhfTk; rq;fj;jpd; ntspaPlhd vOr;rp jpq;fs; Vl;bd; MrpupauhfTk; gpd;dH nghJr; nrayhsuhfTk; (1964 - 66) gzpahw;wpdhH.

1962 ,y; jkpo;Kiwj; jpUkzk; nra;J nfhz;l ,tH jPtpu jkpo;g;gw;whsUk; gFj;jwpthsUk; MthH.

1966 Mk; Mz;L aho;g;ghz khefurigapy; fzf;fhsuhf epakdk; ngw;whH. ,uz;L Mz;L fhyk; gjpy; MizahsuhfTk; flik Mw;wpdhH. ,e;jf; fhy fl;lj;jpNyNa 13 ,yf;fk; cUgha; nrytpy; aho;g;ghz re;ij (Model Market)  fl;Lk; gzp njhlq;fg;gl;lJ. 1968 ,y; Gyikg; gupR ngw;W gHkpq;fk; gy;fiyf; fofj;jpy; 2 Mz;Lfs; gbj;J  ACCA   (UK) ,Wjpf; fzf;fpay; NjHT vOjpg; gl;lk; ngw;whH.

ef;fPudpd; Mf;fq;fs; ma;k;gJfspy; ,Ue;J Rje;jpud; fpoik Vl;by; njhlHe;J ntspte;jd. mjpy;  'vkJ tuyhW' vd;w ePz;l njhlH fl;Liu (1964 - 1965) ,d;ndhUtH ngaupy; ntspte;jJ. Rje;jpud; gjpg;gfj;jpd; ,d;ndhU jpq;fs; ntspaPlhd RlH Vl;bd; MrpupauhfTk; (1978 - 1980) gzpahw;wpdhH.

jkpo;j; Njrpa tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;lj;NjhLk; murpay; jiytHfNshLk; kpf neUf;fkhd <LghL itj;jpUe;j ,tH 1980 ,y; ierPupah> gTr;rp khepy fzf;fha;Tj; jpizf;fsj;jpy; Kjd;ikf; fzf;fha;thshuhfr; NrHe;jhH. gpd;dH 1987 ,y; fdlhTf;Fg; Gyk; ngaHe;j ,tH A.A. Jamal Associates (Chartered Accountants)  epWtdj;jpy; gzp Gupe;jhH. mNj Neuk; CGA (Canada) NjHTf;Fg; gbj;J 1991 Mk; Mz;L fzf;fpaypy; gl;lk; ngw;whH.

cyfj; jkpoH ,af;fj;jpd; Jizj; jiytuhf 10 Mz;Lfs; njhlHe;J gzpahw;wpdhH. fdba jkpoh; rq;fq;fspd; Nguitapd;  (FACT) jiytuhfTk; gy Mz;L gzp Mw;wpdhH.

cyfj;jkpoh; Vl;by;  jkpo;j; Njrpaj;Jf;F cuk; NrHf;Fk; tifapy; fpoik NjhWk; mtH vOjp te;j murpay; gyif> rq;fg; gyif ,uz;Lk; mtiu xU rpwe;j murpay; Ma;thsuhfTk;> ,yf;fpathjpahfTk; ,dk; fhl;baJ.

fle;j 10 Mz;L fhyhkhf KONeu vOj;jhsuhfg; gzpahw;Wk; ,tH ,q;F ntspahFk; Kof;fk;> ek;ehL> <oehL> <oKuR> Kunrhyp Nghd;w ,jo;fspy; gy EhW murpay;> tuyhW> ,yf;fpak;> gFj;jwpT kw;Wk; jpwdha;Tf; fl;Liufs; Mfpatw;iw ef;fPud;> fPud;> jpUkfs;> ,e;jpu[pj;; Nghd;w GidngaHfspy; vOjpAs;shH. ,jpy; xy;fhg; Gfo; njhy;fhg;gpak;> fpa+gh gazf;fl;Liu> Nrhjplg; Gul;L> rhjp kjg; Ngia tpul;ba rpj;jh;fs;> RdhkpAk; RthkpAk;;> khkpahh; tPl;by; %d;W rhkpahh;fs;> jkpopir (Kof;fk;) rq;fk; toHj;j jkpo;> fz;b ,uhr;rpaj;jpd; filrp kd;dd; =tpf;fpuk ,uhrrpq;fd; (<oehL) jpUf;Nfhapy;fspy; jkpopy; topghL (<oKuR) Mfpa njhlh; fl;Liufs; gbg;NghH gyuJ ghuhl;ilg; ngw;wd. ek;ehL Vl;by; ntspte;j ehd;jhz;lh Mj;jhS vd;w FW ehty; cz;ikr; rk;gtq;fis mbg;gilahf itj;J vOjg;gl;l gilg;ghFk;.  

Mq;fpy nkhopapy; jdJ ,aw; ngaupy; vOjpa #lhd murpay; fl;Liufs; TamilCanadian, Tamil Nation, Tamil Sangam, TIS Nghd;w ,iza jsq;fspy; ntspte;Js;sd.

,jw;FKd;dH ,tH vOjpa jkpoH jpUkzk; vd;w Ehy; ntspte;jpUe;jhYk; Nrhjplg; Gul;L kl;LNk xU KOikahd Ma;T Ehyhf ntsptUfpwJ.

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Nrhjplg; Gul;L vd;w jiyg;gpy; vOjpa Kjy; fl;Liuia Kof;fk; fpoik Vl;by; ntspte;j nghOJ mjid mLj;j ehd;F my;yJ ma;e;J fpoikfspy; Kbj;J tplyhk; vd;Nw ehd; Kjypy; epidj;Njd;. mJ 70 fpoikfs; tsUk; vd;gij ehd; rw;Wk; vjpH ghHf;ftpy;iy.

rpW gUtjpy; VidNahHfisg; NghyNt ehd;  kpfTk; rka ek;gpf;if cilatdhfNt ,Ue;Njd;. NfhapYf;Fj; jtwhJ NghNtd;. Nfhapy; kzp mbg;gJ> jz;NlRtuH Jhf;FtJ>  Nfhapy; G+e;Njhl;lj;Jf;Fj; jz;zPH ,iwg;gJ Nghd;w njhz;Lfs; nra;tjpy; Kd;Df;F epw;Ngd;. ey;YhH nfhb Vwpdhy; gy ehs;fs; ele;Nj nrd;W KUfidf; Fk;gpl;Lj; jpUk;GNtd;. fr;rhd; fliy thq;f tPl;by; jUk; 25 rjj;jpy; tbthd flTs; glq;fis thq;fp tUNtd;.

CHf; Nfhapy; mUr;ruhf ,Ue;j (1948 - 50 ) itutehjf; FUf;fsplk; rkw;fpUjKk; gbj;Njd;. Mdhy; mJ ePbf;ftpy;iy.

f.ngh.j. (rhjhuz)  NjHT (1950) vOJtjw;Fg; NghF Kd;dH fhiy NfhapYf;Fr; nrd;W> fpzw;wpy; ms;spf; Fspj;J  Kl;Lf;fha;j; Njq;fha; mbj;Jg; gps;isahiuf;  Fk;gpl;Nld;. Njq;fha; rup ghjpahf cile;jhy; mJ NjHtpy; ntw;wpf;F mwpFwp! Nfhzy; khzyhf cile;jhy; Njhy;tpf;Ff; fl;bak;! mg;gbnahU ek;gpf;if ,Ue;jJ. 

ehd; fy;ypy; cilj;j Njq;fha; Nfhzy; khzyhfNt cile;jJ. mJ nfl;l 'rFdk;” vd;W epidj;Jf; nfhz;Nld;. vd;Dld; mNj NjHit mNj ehspy; vOj ,Ue;j cwtpdH xUtH mbj;j Njq;fha; ey;y tz;zkhfr; rupghjpahf cile;jJ. mjd; nghUs; mtUf;Fj; NjHtpy; ntw;wp vd;gjhFk;!

NjHT KbTfs; te;j nghOJ gup. Nahthd; fy;Yhup mwptpj;jy; gyifapy; mbNad; ngaH cl;gl 3 khztuJ ngaNu ntw;wp vd;wpUe;jJ. vQ;rpa 117 khztUk;  Njhy;tp!  mjpy; Njq;fha; rup ghjpahf cilj;jtUk; xUtH MthH! fy;Yhup Kjy;tH J.T. mUshde;jk; mtHfSf;F me;jg; ngWNgWg; gl;baiy ek;g Kbatpy;iy. vq;Nfh jtW ele;Jtpl;ljhf epidj;jhH.

flTSf;F ehd; ifA+l;Lf; nfhLj;j filrpj; Njq;fha; mJNt MFk;.  mjd; gpd; ,d;Wtiu xU gFj;jwpthsdhfNt ,Ue;J tUfpNwd;.

jpUkzj;jpd; nghOJ 'rhjfk;” ghHf;ff; $lhJ vd;W fl;Lg;ghL tpjpj;Njd;. jkpo;Kiwj; jpUkzk; nra;J nfhz;Nld;. ,uz;L khiy> ehY Ngr;rhsH> gj;Jj; jpUf;FwSld; jpUkz tpoh  ,dpJ epiwNtwpaJ. kiwe;j ehlhSkd;w cWg;gpdH jpU. m. mkpHjypq;fk; mtHfs; jpUkz tpohTf;Fj; jiyik jhq;fp elj;jp itj;jhH.  

rpW tajpy; vdJ %isapy; Nga; gprhR> gpy;yp #dpak;> nfhs;spthy; gprhR> $Ltpl;Lf; $L ghAk; tpf;fpukhjpj;jd; fij> Ntjhsk; KUf;f kuj;jpy; Vwpa fij KjypaitNa jpzpf;fg;gl;ld. fhy; epyj;jpy; glhJ miyAk; Nga;fs;> Gspakuj;jpy; thrk; nra;Ak; Kdp> Ntg;g kuj;J itutH> Rliyapy; muprpg; nghup nghWf;Fk; Fwsp>  ,uj;jpdk; ff;Fk; MWjiy ehfghk;G Nghd;w fijfs; vdf;Fr; nrhy;yg;gl;ld. CHf; Nfhapy; Gwj;jpy; Xq;fp tsHe;J epd;w ghiy kuj;jbapy; ngupa Gijay; ,Ug;jhfTk; nrhy;yg;gl;lJ!

gs;spapy; gbf;Fk; NghNj MW ghfk; nfhz;l ghujf; fijia ,uty; thq;fpg; gbj;J Kbj;Njd;. ,uhkhazk;  (ciueil) tPl;by; ,Ue;jJ. mjpy; ,uhk - ,uhtz Nghiu tUzpf;Fk; fhz;lj;ij kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; gbg;Ngd;. me;j mfitapy; ,uhkd; vdJ kdf; fl;bypy;  “flTs; mtjhu” khfTk; ,uhtzd; 'muf;f' dhfTk; mkHe;J nfhz;ldH.

gpw;fhyj;jpy; kuj;jpd; gpd;dhy; xspe;jpUe;J thypiaf; nfhd;w ,uhkd; vdf;F xU Nfhioahfj; njd;gl;lhd;.  mt;thNw #Hg;gdifapd; KiyiaAk; %f;ifAk; ,uhkd; jk;gp ,yf;Ftd; mupe;J mtis %sp Mf;fpaJ vdf;F mehfupfkhfg; gl;lJ.  

fy;Yhupapy; gbf;Fk; nghONj ngupahH> NguwpQH mz;zh> fiyQH> ehtyH ,tHfsJ jpuhtpl-gFj;jwpTf; nfhs;ifahy; <Hf;fg; gl;Nld;. md;W ntspte;j jpuhtplehL> kd;wk;> Kunrhyp> jpuhtpld;> fhQ;rp> Homeland, njd;wy; Kjypa VLfisAk; ngupahH> mz;zh> fiyQH> ehtyH> fz;zjhrd; KjypNahH  vOjpa Ehy;fs;> fl;Liufs; midj;ijAk; jtwhJ gbj;Njd;. ,tw;wpy;  mz;zh vOjpa fk;gurk;> jP gutl;Lk;> V jho;e;j jkpofNk! nrhHf;fthry;> jk;gpf;F Nghd;w Ehy;fs; vdJ kdjpy; gFj;jwpTf; fUj;Jf;fis tpijj;J gyj;j jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jpd.

mz;zh fij trdk; vOjp ntspte;j Ntiyf;fhup> (1948) fiyQupd; guhrf;jp (1952) ebfNts; vk;.MH. ,uhjh ebj;j ,uj;jf;fz;zPH (1954) Mfpa jpiug; glq;fs; xt;nthd;iwAk; 12 Kiwf;F Nkyhfg; ghHj;jpUg;Ngd;.

jpUf;Fws;> rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fs;> ghujpahH> ghujpjhrd; ghly;fs; vd; kdijf; ftHe;jd. xOf;fj;ij  typAWj;Jk; jpUf;Fws; vd; tho;f;ifiar; nrk;ikg;gLj;j ngupJk; cjtpaJ. rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fs; Nghw;wpa fhjYk; tPuKk; fy;tpAk; nghUSk; ngUkpjKk; vd;idj; jkpoH ehfupfk; gw;wpg; ngUikg;gl itj;jd.

fhyg; Nghf;fpy; flTs;> Nfhapy;> Fsk;> Nrhjplk;> ifNuif> ml;lkp etkp> ,uhF fhyk;> Nga; G+jk;> gpy;yp #dpak; Nghd;wtw;wpy; vdf;F ,Ue;j ek;gpf;if mw;Wg; Nghapw;W! Guhzq;fs;> ,jpfhrq;fs; ,d;iwa fy;fp> rhz;by;ad; vOjpa tuyhw;Wg; Gjpdq;fs; Nghd;wit vd;W fz;L nfhz;Nld;. 

Nrhjplg; Gul;il vOjj; njhlq;fpa gpd;dNu xU tpy;yq;fkhd  ghlj;ij ifapy; vLj;Jf; nfhz;lij  czHe;Njd;. vdNt Kjy; Ntiyahf Nrhjplk;> thdpay; gw;wpa gy jkpo; Mq;fpy Ehy;fis  tpiyf;F thq;fpg; gbj;Njd;. ,iza jsj;jpy; Nrhjplk;> thdpay; njhlHghd Vuhskhd fl;Liufis mr;nrLj;J xU khztd; NjHTf;Fg; gbg;gJ Nghy; gbj;Njd;. nrhy;yg; Nghdhy; Ehy;fspYk; ghHf;f ,iza jsNk vdf;Fg; NgusT ifnfhLj;jJ. thdpay; gw;wpa ,iza jsq;fspd; vz;zpf;ifiag; (565>000) ghHj;J kiyj;Jg; NghNdd;.

gs;spapy; gbf;Fk;  khztUf;fhfg;  Gifg;glq;fNshLk; tiuglq;fNshLk;  vOjg;gl;l thdpay; ghlq;fisg; gbj;J tpsq;fpf; nfhs;tJ vspjhf ,Ue;jd.

Nrhjplj;jpy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; ,yf;fpdk;> njir> ,uhrp> tPL> ghtk;> Nfhrhuk;> cr;r ePr;rk;> ghHitfs;> re;jpu gyd;> #upa - re;jpu Xiufs;>  gQ;rtpj epiyfs; Kjypatw;iwj; jpUj;jkhf tpsq;fpf; nfhs;sg; gy ehs;fs; vLj;;jd.

Nrhjpl rhj;jpuk; njhlHghd ma;aq;fis kpd;dQ;ry; %yk; gy NrhjplHfsplk; Nfl;Lj; njupe;J nfhz;Nld;. 

,jdhy;> njhlf;fj;jpy; Fog;gkhf ,Ue;j Nrhjplk; - thdpay; ,uz;ilAk; gpd;dH ed;F tpsq;fpf; nfhs;s Kbe;jJ. 

,iza jsj;jpy; gpwe;j Mz;L> ehs;> Neuk;> ,lk; (FWf;Ff; NfhL> NeHf;NfhL ) ,tw;iwf; nfhLj;jhy; ma;e;J tpdhbapy; Nrhjpl nkd;nghUs; rhjfk; (ethk;rk; cl;gl) fzpj;Jf; nfhLj;JtpLk;.

gpwe;j Mz;il khw;wpdhy; rpy Nfhs;fspd;  epiy khWtijg; ghHj;Njd;. gpwe;j  Neuj;ij $l;bf; Fiwj;jhy; tupirahfj; Njhd;wp kiwAk; gpwg;G ,yf;fpdk;> gpwg;G ,uhrp> gpwg;G el;rj;jpuk; khWtijf; ftdpj;Njd;. Vd; mt;thW khWfpd;wd vd;gij ,e;j Ehiyg; gbf;Fk; nghOJ njupe;J nfhs;tPHfs;.

jpwe;j kdj;NjhLjhd; Nrhjplj;ijg; gbj;Njd;. gbj;J Kbj;j gpd;dH mjpy; ,Ue;j nfhQ;reQ;r ek;gpf;ifAk; Kw;whfg; Ngha;tpl;lJ. 

Nrhjplk; rup> NrhjplHfs;jhd; gpioahff; fzpj;Jr; nrhy;fpwhHfs;? ,J gyH vd;dplk; Nfl;Fk; Nfs;tp MFk;.

vdJ tpil  'Nrhjplk; fl;b vOg;gg;gl;Ls;s mbj;jsNk jtwhdJ vd;gjhFk;.  gy Nfhb fy; njhiytpy; cs;s Nfhs;fs;> gj;J> EhW> Mapuk; xsp Mz;LfSf;F mg;ghy; cs;s ,uhrpfs;> el;rj;jpuq;fs; Gtpapy; gpwf;Fk; Foe;ijiag; ghjpf;f topNa ,y;iy! mg;gbapUf;f mjd; mbg;gilapy; ve;jg; ngupa nfl;bf;fhur; NrhjplDk;  vt;tsT El;gkhff; fzpj;Jg; gyd; nrhd;dhYk; mJ gpioahfNt ,Uf;Fk;! Nrhjplk;> ,y;yhj CUf;Fg; Nghfpw top nrhd;dtd; fijahFk;.

ehk; thOk; Gtp QhapW FLk;gj;jpd; eLtpy; ,Uf;fpwJ> mirahky; ,Uf;Fk;  Gtpia QhapW cl;gl Vida Nfhs;fs; Rw;wp tUfpd;wd vd;w mbg;gilapNyNa Nrhjpl rhj;jpuk; vOjg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjd; mbg;gilapNyNa rhjfk; fzpf;fg;gLfpwJ. Mdhy; cz;ik mJtd;W..  GtpAk; Vida Nfhs;fSNk Qhapiwr; Rw;wp tUfpd;wd. NkYk; ehk; thOk; Gtpf; Nfhs;  Nrhjpl rhj;jpuj;jpy; Kw;whf tpLgl;Lg; Ngha;tpl;lJ.

Nrhjplg; Gul;L Kofj;jpYk; jkpo;ehjk; ,izajsj;jpYk; ntspte;J nfhz;bUe;j Ntis mjw;Fg; ngupa MjuT gbg;Nghuplk; ,Ue;J fpilj;jJ. mJ> ,j; njhliu vOjp Kbf;fj; Jhz;LNfhyhf mike;jJ. 

fl;Liufs; xt;nthd;iwAk; vOjg; gy ehs;fisr; nrytopj;Js;Nsd;.

Nrhjplg; Gul;il Ehy; tbtpy; nfhz;Ltu KbT nra;j nghOJ ehd; Kd;G vOjpatw;iwg; gl;lwptpd; mbg;gilapy; gy Kiw kPs; ghHit nra;J nrg;gdpl;Nld;. mt;thW nra;aTk; gy jpq;fs;fs; vLj;jd.

,e;j Ehypy;  rpy tlnkhopr; nrhw;fis  tpyf;f Kbahj fhuzj;jhy; NrHj;Js;Nsd;.  Nrhjplk; jkpouJ rhj;jpuk; my;y. ,J tlnkhopf;Fk; Ntj fhy MupaUf;Fk; cupaJ. vdNt mjid Kw;wpYk; jdpj; jkpopy; vOj Kbatpy;iy. Kbe;j kl;Lk; vOj Kaw;rpj;Js;Nsd;.

Nrhjplk; gw;wp vOJk; nghOJ Fog;gk; Vw;glhJ ,Uf;f tpz;kPid el;rj;jpuk; vd;Wk;> Xiuia ,uhrp vd;Wk;> Nfhs;fisf; fpufq;fs; vd;Wk;  Qhapiwr; #upad; vd;Wk;> epyhitr; re;jpud; vd;Wk;> KOepyh  my;yJ ctTkjpiag;  gTHzkp vd;Wk;> Fw;wj;ijj; Njhrk; vd;Wk; vOjpAs;Nsd;.

Mdhy;> thdpay; gw;wp vOJk; nghOJ Kbe;jsT Jha jkpopy; vOjpAs;Nsd;.  tUlk;> jpdk; Nghd;w nrhw;fis ePf;fp Mz;L> ehs; vdf; Fwpj;Js;Nsd;. NkYk; N[hjplk;> uhrp> e\;\j;jpuk;> Nk\k;> up\gk;  Nghd;w tlnkhopr; nrhw;fisj; jkpo; xypg;gLj;jp cs;Nsd;. 

fpNuf;f Mq;fpyg; ngaHr; nrhw;fspd; cr;rupg;Gr; rupahf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhf ,uz;nlhU fpue;j vOj;Jf;fisg; gad;gLj;jpAs;Nsd;. NkYk; gpwH $w;iw Nkw;Nfhs; fhl;Lk; nghOJ mtHfsJ nfhLe;jkpio khw;whJ mg;gbNa ifahz;Ls;Nsd;.

vdJ ez;gH jpU. rz;Kfk; Ffjhrd; ifnaOj;Jg; gbiag; xg;G  Nehf;fpg; ghHj;Jg; gy tlnrhw;fis ePf;fpj; jdpj; jkpopy; vOj cjtpdhH.  ,yf;fzg; gpiofs; fistjw;Fk; if nfhLj;jhH. mtUf;F vdJ ed;wpiaj; njuptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd;.

EhYf;F xU Kd;Diu Njitg;gl;l NghJ vd; fz; Kd; epd;wtH jkpoPo muritg; ghtyH fhrp Mde;jd; MthH. mtH md;id jkpio capUf;F capuhff; fhjypf;Fk; ghtyH! mtUf;F vdJ neQ;rhHe;j ed;wp.

,e;j Ehiy vOjpajd; jiyaha Nehf;fk; jkpo; kf;fis Kilehw;wk; tPRk;  %l ek;gpf;ifr; Nrw;wpy; ,Ue;J kPl;L mtHfisg; gFj;jwpT kzk; fkOk;  khspifapy; FbapUj;JtNj MFk;!

Fwpg;ghfj; jpUkz fhyj;jpy; rhjfk; ghHf;Fk; gof;fj;ijj; jkpo;kf;fs; Kw;whff; iftpl Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ vdJ ngU tpUg;ghFk;.

mbj;jsk; gpioahf cs;s xU Nghypr; rhj;jpuj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; fzpf;fg;gLk; rhjfj;ij itj;Jj; jpUkzg; nghUj;jk; ghHj;J jpUkzk; nra;tJ gFj;jwpTf;F xt;thj nrayhFk;. cyfpy; 13 ,yf;f tif tpyq;Ffs; cz;nld;fpwhHfs;. Mdhy; khe;jDf;Nf MwhtJ mwpthd gFj;jwpT ,Uf;fpwJ. ,Ue;Jk; gyH mjidg; gad;gLj;j kWf;fpd;wdH.

fy;tp> moF> nry;tk;> Fzk;> eil> Fb Mfpa nghUj;jq;fs; Mz; -ngz; ,UghyhUf;Fk; ,ilapy; mike;jpUe;Jk; fpufg; nghUj;jk; el;rj;jpug; nghUj;jk; ,y;iy vd;W $wp me;jj; jpUkz ,izg;G Gwe;js;sg;gLfpwJ. ,J ngupa nfhLikahFk;.

mNj Ntis gpioahd Nrhjplj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; kdg; nghUj;jk; ,y;yhj Mz; - ngz; ,izf;fg;gLfpd;wdH.

gd;dpuz;L nghUj;jj;jpy; 11 nghUj;jk; rup te;J nra;j jpUkzk; Kwpe;J Ngha;tpl;ljhf xU NrhjplH vOjpAs;shH. ,J $lf; Fw;wkpy;iy. NrhjplHfspd; gps;isfNs jpUkzk; Kbj;j rpy Mz;Lfspy; ifk;ngz;zhfp cs;sdH. ,J rhjfk; ghHg;gjpy; ve;jg; nghUSk; ,y;iy vd;gjw;F ey;y rhd;whFk;.

vdf;Fj; njupar; rhjfg; nghUj;jk; ,y;iy vd;gij kPwpj; jpUkzk; nra;J nfhz;NlhH Foe;ij Fl;bfNshL kfpo;r;rpahf ,Uf;fpd;wdH.  mNj rkak; nghUj;jk; ghHj;Jr; nra;J itj;j jpUkzq;fs; rpy kzg;gpuptpy; my;yJ kzKwptpy; Kbe;Js;sd!

jpUkzk; ntw;wp ngWtJ jpUkzk; nra;J nfhs;Sk; kzkfd; - kzkfs; ,UtuJ iffspNyNa NgusT jq;fp cs;sJ. mtHfsJ jha; je;ij cw;whH cwtpdH gq;F rpw;wsNt ,Uf;Fk;.

NkiyehLfspy; Nrhjplk; ghHg;NghH ,Uf;fpd;wdH. Mdhy;> mJ nghOJ Nghf;Ff;fhfg; ghHf;fg;gLgit MFk;. mtHfs; jq;fs; Sun sign  ia  (gpwg;gpd; nghOJ #upad; epd;w ,uhrp) mwpe;J nfhs;tNjhL Nrhjplk; gw;wpa mtHfsJ MHtk; epd;W tpLfpwJ. jpUkzk; nra;aKd;dH Nrhjpluplk; rhjfq;fisf;  nfhLj;Jg; nghUj;jk; ghHf;Fk; tof;fk; Nkiy ehLfspy; ,y;iy.

Vd; jkpo;f; fpwpj;jtuplKk; rhjfk; fzpf;Fk; tof;fNkh rhjfg; nghUj;jk; ghHf;Fk; gof;fNkh ,y;iy.

rhjfk; ghHf;Fk; tof;fk; ,e;Jj; jkpoHfsplk; kl;LNk fhzg;gLfpwJ. vd;d fhuzk;?

Nrhjplk; ,e;J rkaj;jpd; xU $whf cUthd rhj;jpukhfTk;.  ,Uf;F> aRH> rhkk;> mjHtzk; vd;w ehy;Ntjj;ijg; nghUs; mbg;gilapy; MW mq;fq;fshf (Ntjhq;fk;) tFj;J mjpy; fHkfhz;lj;jpy;  nrhy;yg;gLk; fUkq;fspd; mEl;lhdj;Jf;Fupa fhyj;ijj; epUzak; nra;Ak; Kiwf;F  N[hjp\k; (NrhjplKk; fzpjKk;) vdg; ngaupl;Ls;sdH. vQ;rpa mq;fq;fs; rpi\ (cr;rupg;G) tpahfuzk; ( ,yf;fzk;) re;j]; (rPH) epUj;jk; (nghUs;) fy;gk; (fpupif) vd;gdthFk;. 

Nrhjplj;ijr; #upad; Kjyhd 18 ,Ubfs; ,aw;wpajhf ma;jPfk;. mjid vy;NyhUk; vspjpy; GupAkhW RUf;fp vOjpatH tuhfkpUfH MthH.

,t;thW Nrhjplk; Ntjj;NjhL Kbr;Rg; Nghlg;gl;L>  ,e;J kjj;jpd; gpupf;f Kbahj xU $whf ,Ug;gjhNyNa ,e;jr; Nrhjpl ek;gpf;if ,e;Jf;fsplk; kl;Lk; fhzg;gLfpwJ.

vdNt>  Nrhjplk; Nghd;w %l ek;gpf;ifia xopf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;why; ,e;Jf;fsJ Nfhapy;> Fsk;> NjH> jPHj;jk;> nrhHf;fk;> eufk;> rpWnja;t topghLfs; Nghd;wtw;wpy; cs;s kpF ek;gpf;ifia xopf;f Ntz;Lk;. vJ Nghnyd;why; Esk;ig Kw;whf xopf;f mJ cw;gj;jpahFk; ,lq;fis xopg;gJ Nghd;W! 

vdNt> rkak; gw;wpa vdJ fUj;Jf;fisg; gbj;J tpl;Lr; rPwhky; rpdf;fhky; ehd; nrhy;tjpy; nka;g;nghUs; ,Uf;fpwjh ,y;iyah vd;gij Mw mkur; rpe;Jj;Jg; ghHf;FkhW Ntz;bf; nfhs;fpNwd;.

rpq;fs - gTj;jHfs; Nrhjplk;> ehb ghHg;gjpy;iyah? vdf; Nfl;fyhk;. rpq;fstH gTj;jHfshf kjk; khW Kd;dH itjPf kjj;jtuhf  ,Ue;jikNa mjw;F VJthFk;. Gj;jH Nrhjplj;ij kpUf rhj;jpuk; (Animal science) vd vs;sp eifahbAs;shH vd;gJ kdq;nfhs;sj;jf;fJ.

mupJ mupJ khdplg; gpwtp mupJ vd;W jkpo;kfs; mt;itahH nrhd;dJ Kw;wpYk; cz;ik MFk;.  ,e;jg; gpwtpiaj; Jd;gk; vd;W vz;zhJ> clk;ig ,opntd;W js;shJ> tho;f;ifia KOikahfTk;> gaDs;sjhfTk; thof; fw;Wf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. Jd;gj;ijf; Fiwj;J ,d;gj;ijg; ngUf;f ey;topapy; ,iltplhJ Kaw;rp nra;Aq;fs;. Kaw;rp jpUtpidahf;Fk; vdg; GyNthH nrhd;dJ ngha;nkhop ,y;iy!

jkpoUf;F ,iwahz;ik gilj;j muR xd;W ,y;yhjjhy;  khztHfsJ fw;if newp FKfha mwptpay; mbg;gilapy; tFf;fg;gltpy;iy. ,g;nghOJs;s fw;if newp njhopiy ,yf;fhff; nfhz;L tFf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. itaj;jpy; tho;thq;F thOk; top vd;d vd;gijg;  gs;spf;$lj;jpy; ahUk; ghlkhfr; nrhy;ypf; nfhLf;gjpy;iy. ,jdhy; ePHtopg; g^ck; Giz Nghyg; gyuJ tho;f;if mike;J tpLfpwJ.

vg;gb cly; Neha; jPu kUe;J cz;z  Ntz;LNkh mNj Nghy; %lek;gpf;if  Nghd;w FKfha Neha;fs; jPug; gFj;jwpT vd;w kUe;ij cl; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. Vida ,dq;fNshL xg;gpLk; NghJ mwptpay; jsj;jpy; jkpoH kpfTk; gpd;jq;fpAs;sdH. 

,J fhuzkhfNt mwptpaypd; ,d;wpaikahj; Njitia ,e;j Ehy; neLfpYk; tw;GWj;jp vOjpAs;Nsd;.

xt;nthU ehSk; tPl;ilf; $l;bf; Fg;igfis mfw;wpj; Jg;guT nra;fpNwhk;.  jz;zPupy; Fspj;J cly; mOf;ifg; Nghf;fpg; Gwj; Jha;ikg; Ngzpf;  nfhs;fpNwhk;. kdjpy; cs;s rhj;jpuf; Fg;igfisAk; rka mOf;ifAk;  mfw;wp mfj; Jha;ik Ngz ehk;  Vd; gpd; epw;f Ntz;Lk;?

jpUts;StH Mf;fpa jpUf;Fws; xU KOikahd tho;T Ehy; MFk;.  jkpoHfs; mjidj;  jq;fs; tho;f;iff; ifNalhfTk; tho;f;if topfhl;bahfTk; nfhs;jy; Ntz;Lk;.  gFj;jwpNthL thoj; jpUf;Fws; cWjpahf cjTk;.

jpUf;Fws; top tho KbAk; thoyhk; vd;gjw;F ehDk; vdJ kidtp gps;isfSk; NgusT rhd;whf ,Uf;fpNwhk;! ey;y FLk;gk; xU gy;fiyf; fofk; vd;w Gul;rpf; ftpQH ghujpjhrdpd; nghd;nkhopf;F mikaTk; tho;fpNwhk;.

tho;f;ifapy; Vw;gLk; gy rpf;fy;fis mtpo;g;gjw;F Ntz;ba topKiwfisAk; EZf;fq;fisAk; ts;StH RUq;fr; nrhy;yp tpsq;f itj;Js;shH.

ey;y vz;zk;> ey;y rpe;jid> ey;ywpT> ey;tpid> ew;fhl;rp>  eak;gl ciuj;jy;> gFj;Jz;L tho;jy;> ,irgl ,Uj;jy; cq;fs; tho;tpd; Fwpf;Nfhshf ,Uf;fl;Lk;! md;G> mUs;> mwd; cq;fs; topghlhf ,Uf;fl;Lk;!

,e;j Ehiyg; gbj;J tpl;L mjw;F mzpe;Jiu vOjpa ez;gH jpU. ,yq;ifaDf;F vdJ ed;wpiaj; njuptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd;. vd;idg; NghyNt mtUk; xU mg;gOf;fw;w gFj;jwpthsH MthH.

,e;j ,lj;jpy; Nrhjplg; Gul;Lj;  njhliu Kof;fj;jpy; xd;wiu Mz;L fhykhf vdJ md;Gf;Fupa Kof;fk; MrpupaH jpUKUfNte;jd; (jpU) kw;Wk;  Kof;fk; nghWg;ghrpupaH thdjp (md;gurp) ,UtUf;Fk; vdJ csk; fdpe;j ed;wp. vdJ vz;zj;Jf;Fk; vOj;Jf;Fk; Kof;fk; tbfhyhf ,Ue;J tUfpwJ.

Nrhjplg; Gul;il ntspapl;ljhy;  Kof;fk; ,uz;nlhU tpsk;guq;fis ,oe;jJk; cz;L.  

taypy; ey;y tpisr;riy tpUk;Gk; fkf;fhud; kz;iz Mo cOJ> cau tuk;G fl;b> vUtpl;L> ey;y tpij ney; Njb tpijj;J> fis gpLq;fp> cupa fhyj;jpy; mWtil nra;a Ntz;Lk;. FKfhaKk; mg;gbNa MFk;. ey;y gFj;jwpTf; fUj;Jf;fis tpijj;J> %lek;gpf;if vd;w fis gpLq;fp> mwpitg; ngUf;fpdhy; kl;LNk jdp khe;j tho;T rpwf;Fk;. jdp khe;j tho;T rpwe;jhy; FKfhak; Kd;NdWk;.  ,e;jg; gzpapy; jq;fis KOikahf <LgLj;jpf; nfhz;LtUk; gFj;jwpT ,izaH jpU - md;gurp ,UtUf;Fk; vdJ  tho;j;Jf;fs;. 

Kof;fk; NghyNt jkpo;ehjk; ,izajsj;jpy; Nrhjplg; Gul;ilj; njhlHe;J ey;y Kiwapy; ntspapl;l jk;gp fuDf;Fk; vdJ ed;wp cupj;jhFf.

xUtuJ tho;f;ifapd; ntw;wpf;Fg; gpd;dhy; mtuJ kidtp ,Ug;gjhfr; nrhy;tH.  vdJ tho;f;ifiag; nghWj;jstpy; ,e;jg; nghd;nkhop EhW tpOf;fhL cz;ik MFk;.

vdJ vOj;Jg; gzp ahtw;Wf;Fk; if nfhLf;Fk; vdJ JiztpahUf;F vdJ ed;wpiaj; njuptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd;. vd;idf; fUj;NjhL ftdpj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; mk;kk;kh (khkp) vdf;F Ntz;ba kUe;J Kjy; tpUe;J tiu Fwpg;gwpe;J ftdpj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; kf;fs;> kUkf;fs;> Ngug;gps;isfs; vy;NyhUf;Fk; vdJ ed;wpiaj; njuptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd;. 

Kbthfr; rhjp rkakw;w rq;f fhyNk (Kw; gFjp) jkpouJ nghw;fhyk; vd;gJ jkpowpQH fUj;jhFk;. me;jg; nghw;fhyk; ehis kyu ,Uf;Fk; jkpoPoj;jpy; kPz;Lk; gpwf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gNj vd; Mir. vd; Mir tpiutpy; edthFk; vd ek;GfpNwd;.  

 ,d;gNk ve;ehSk; Jd;gk; ,y;iy!

 ef;fPud;

           cs;Siw

Gul;L             jiyg;G                                gf;fk;

1         mwptpaYk; NrhjplKk;;

2         kz;izf; ft;tpa NrhjplHfs;!

3         Nrhjplk; Nghyp mwptpay;

4         ,uhF NfJ Nfhs;fs; mofhd fw;gid!

5         jhq;fSk; Fok;gp kw;wtHfisAk; Fog;Gk; NrhjplHfs;!

6         Gjd; Nfhs; mypahk;! vg;gbf; fz;L gpbj;jhHfs;?

7         ,uz;L Nrhjpl KiwfSk; rupahf ,Uf;f KbahJ!

8         Nfhs;fspy; 'ght”g; gl;l rdp!

9         #upad; rdp xUtUf;nfhUtH guk vjpupfshk;!

10        Nrhjpl ek;gpf;iff;Ff; fhuzk; gak;!

11        gbg;Ngh gl;lNkh ,y;yhj NrhjplH!

12        Nrhjplk; jid ,fo;!

13        NrhjplHfNs! rpy vz;fs; nra;j ghtk;jhd; vd;d?

14        Gtpapd; Kjy; tpQ;Qhdp ahH?

15        MupaH NjtH! jpuhtplH ,uhl;rjH!

16        NrhjplUf;Fg; gjpy; kUj;Jtiu ehLq;fs;!

17        Foe;ij Mzh? ngz;zh? vd;gJ Nfhs;fspy; ,y;iy!

18        ,J cdf;Fg; gpwe;j Foe;ij my;y!

19        Nrhjplk; ,Ul;L miwapy; fWg;Gg; G+idiaj; NjLk; FUld; fij!

20        jpUkzk; Mapuq;fhyj;Jg; gapH

21        ma;e;jpy; ehY gq;F rhjfq;fs; gpioahff; fzpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd!

22        fhjYf;Fg; ghil fl;bf; nfhy;y epidf;Fk; je;ij!

23        NrhjplUf;Nf vkdhfg; Ngha;tpl;l Nrhjplk;!

24       “mwptpy;yhjtHfSf;F ,d;gkpy;iy" vd;gJ <rDila tpjp!

25        gz;ila kdpjDf;Ff; fz;lnjy;yhk; flTs;fs;!

26        kio nga;tpg;gjw;Fg; gpuhzpfSf;Fj; jpUkzk;!

27        tpz;izg; gw;wpa mr;rNk Nrhjplk;!

28        ,uhrpfs; ntWk; fw;gid cUtq;fNs!

29        Nrhjplg; Gul;Lg; Nghy; nja;tPfKk; Gul;Lj;jhd;!

30        mwptpay; tsHr;rpf;Ff; fpNuf;fj;jpd; gq;fspg;G

31        Gfo; ngw;w fpNuf;f thdpayhsHfs;

32        re;jpu #upa fpufzq;fs;

33        NrhjplHfspd; Mrhd; njhykp

34        NfhngHdpf;fd; Gul;rp (Copernicun Revolution)

35        Gtpiakl;Lky;y kdpj kdijAk; miraitj;j kdpjH

36        N[hrpaj;jhy; nfl;Nld;!

37        ,we;J Nghdtiu capNuhL ,Uf;fpd;whH vd;w NrhjplH!

38        ',aw;ifapd; %ytpjpia' fz;Lgpbj;j nfg;yH

39        tpz;iz 'Qhdf;' fz;zhy; ghHj;j fypypNah!

40        jpUr;rigahy; capUld; vupf;fg;gl;l GWhNdh!

41        <Hg;G tpiriaf; fz;Lgpbj;j epA+l;ld;

42        ,e;jpa thdpay; tuyhW

43        Gfo; ngw;w thdpayhsH Mupagl;lH

44        ,e;jpa fhyf; fzpg;Gfs;

45        rq;f fhy thdpay;

46        vupkPd; tPo;e;jJ fz;L fyq;fpa GytH

47        XiufSk; tpz;kPd; $l;lq;fSk;

48        Nfhs;fSf;Fk; gpwf;Fk; Foe;ijf;Fk; cs;s Kbr;R vJ?

49        ,e;jpahtpd; fpsp NrhjplHfs;!

50        NrhjplHfis Vkhw;Wk; fpufq;fs;!

51        uh[pt; fhe;jp gjtpf;F thwJ epr;rak;!

52        %f;Filgl;l NrhjplHfs;!

53        nrt;tha; rptg;G vdNt mJ Aj;jfhud;?

54        ,g;gb ,Ue;jhy; Vd; ,g;gbnay;yhk; mikfpwJ?

55        jkpo; ehl;bd; mLj;j “Kjy;tH” u[pdp

56        ngha;r; rhj;jpug; Nga;fs; nrhy;Yk; thHj;ijfs;!     

57        Nrhjplk; vd;gJ ntWk; Fg;ig!  

58        Nrhjplj;jhy; jPikNa md;wp ve;j ed;ikAk; ,y;iy!           

59        xNu Neuj;jpy; gpwe;j ,UtuJ Fzhk;rq;fs; xNu khjpupahf ,y;iy!

60        kuzg; gLf;ifapy; Nrhjplk;

61        Nfhs; epiy xNu khjpup ,y;iy!

62        mtjhuq;fis mk;gyg;gLj;jpa lhf;lH Vg;ufhk; NfhT+H

63        NrhjplKk; ifNuifAk; rKjhaj;jpw;Fr; rhgf;NfL!

64        Vkhspfspd; jiyapy; kpsfha; miuf;Fk; NrhjplHfs;!

65        gpwg;Gf;Fk; ngaUf;Fk; vz;Zf;Fk; njhlHNg ,y;iy!

66        Md;kPfKk; mwptpaYk;!  

67        nkhl;le; jiyf;Fk; Koq;fhYf;Fk; Kbr;Rg; Nghl KbahJ!  

68        vq;fsJ vjpHfhyk; vq;fs; iffspNyNa jq;fpAs;sJ

69        gps;isNa ,y;yhjtUf;Fg; gps;isfshy; rpf;fy;!  

70        vid ehb te;j Nfhs; vd; nrAk;!    

71        Nrhjplk; vd;gJ %lj;jdk;! mwptpay; cq;fs; %yjdk;!

mwptpay;> thdpay;> njhopy;El;gk;> jfty; njhopy;El;gk; Nghd;wit ,d;W kf;fsJ tho;f;if Kiwiaj; jiyfPohf khw;wp mikj;Js;sd. Mz;lhz;L fhykhf Ntjthf;fhf ek;gp te;j kjek;gpf;iffis Ml;lk; fhz itj;Js;sd.

xU fhyj;jpy QhapW> epyh> Nfhs;fs;> tpz;kPd;fs; (el;rj;jpuq;fs;)> fpufzk;> mz;lntsp> ,b> kpd;dy;> fhw;W> Gay;> kio> nts;sk;> epyeLf;fk;> vupkiy> fly;nfhe;jspg;G Mfpa ,aw;if epfo;Tfs;> ,aw;ifr; rPw;wq;fs; Mfpatw;iwf; fz;L Mjp kdpjd; gae;J eLq;fpdhd;. mtw;iwj; jpUg;jpg;gLj;j nghq;fy;> gilay;> capHg;gyp nfhLj;J topgl;lhd;. fhyg;Nghf;fpy; ,e;j mr;rk; jUk; ,aw;ifia Ml;Ltpf;f rfy ty;yik gilj;j cyfpaw;wpahd; (fUj;jh) xUtd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W fw;gid nra;J mjw;Ff; flTs;> ,iwtd;> nja;tk;> Njtd;> gpuk;kk; vdg; gythW ngaupl;lhd;.

kdpjd; Ngrj; njupe;j gpd;dNu flTs;g; ngaHfisf; fz;L gpbj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;! ,d;Dk; ed;whfg; Ngrj; njupe;j gpd;dNu jj;Jtk; vd;w ngaupy; flTs; gw;wpa fw;gidf; fijfis cUthf;fp ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.

flTspd; rpdj;ijj; jzpf;fTk; mUisg; ngwTk; JhgjPg epNtjdq;fs;> Mly; ghly;> Nks jhsk;> NjH jpUtpoh> rupif fpupif vdr; rlq;Ffis kdpjd; cUthf;fpdhd;.

flTsH ,Uf;f ,lk; Ntz;lhkh? Nfhapy;> Fsk;> NfhGuq;fs; Mfpatw;iwf; fl;bdhd;. mjpy; mk;G> tpy;> Nty;> ths;> fj;jp> #yk;> fij> rf;fuk;> jz;L Mfpatw;iwf; nfhz;L kpUfq;fis Ntl;ilahb tho;e;j jd; Kd;NdhHfs; cUtpy; rpiyfis tbj;J itj;jhd;. jhd; nra;tJ Nghd;W me;jr; rpiyfisf; Fspg;ghl;b> Mil cLj;jp> Mguzk; G+l;b> gilay; nra;jhd;. jdf;F kidtp kf;fs; ,Ug;gJ Nghyj; nja;tq;fSf;Fk; kidtp kf;fisf; fw;gp;j;Jj; jpUkztpohf;fs;> gpwe;j ehs; nfhz;lhl;lq;fs;> Ntl;ilj; jpUtpohf;fs; Mfpatw;iw elj;jpdhd;.

Ntl;ilahbg; gpiof;fTk; cOJ gapupl;L thoTk; tpUk;ghj xU Nrhk;Ngwpf; $l;lk;> jq;fis thdj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; flTsUf;Fk; epyj;jpy; thOk; kdpjHfSf;Fk; ,ilapyhd jufHfs; vd;Wk;> flTis trg;gLj;jp> tpUk;gpaij tpUk;gpathW ngw;Wj; juj; jq;fsplk; ke;jpuk; je;jpuk; ae;jpuk; Nghd;w Mw;wy; ,Ug;gjhfr; nrhd;d G+rhupfs>; FUkhHfs; mjw;fhd rlq;Ffis elj;jp itj;jhHfs;.

ehsiltpy; rupif fpupif> G+ir> gpuhHj;jid> gf;jp> Kf;jp vd tpupe;J flTs; vd;w fw;gidr; nrhy;ypidr; Rw;wp cyf kjq;fSk; rpf;fyhd jj;Jtq;fSk; Njhd;wpd.

,d;W kdpjd; gy; fiyfisAk; fw;W Kd;Ndwp> ,aw;ifapd; kHkq;fisj; njupe;J nfhz;L mtw;iwf; fl;Lg;gLj;jTk; mlf;fp MsTk; fw;Wf; nfhz;L tpl;lhd;. Md nghOJk; guk;giug; gof;fj;jhy; ,e;jg; nghUsw;w ek;gpf;iffisAk; rlq;FfisAk; fw;NwhUk; fy;yhNjhUk; xU Nruj; njhlHe;J nra;J tUfpd;wdH.

capupayhsH rhHy;]; lhHtpdpd; (Charles Darwin – 1809-1882) gbkyHr;rpf; fUJNfhs; (Theory of Evolution) ePHtho;td> epyj;jpy; CHtd> NkNy gwg;gd Nghd;w capupdq;fs; jhkhfNt Njhd;wpd> mit ,d;Ws;sJ Nghy ahuhYk;     rhHy;]; lhHtpd;

gilf;fg;gltpy;iy vd;gij epWtpaJ.                            

NkYk;ehk; fhZk; capupdq;fspd; cUtk; njhlf;f fhyj;jpy; ,Ue;Nj tutpy;iy. mit xU fy (single cell) capupapw; njhlq;fp ,ilawhj khw;wk;> gbKiw tsHr;rp> kyHr;rp> ,dg; ngUf;fk;> ,lg; ngUf;fk;> ,aw;ifj; NjHT (natural selection) epyj;jpd; jd;ik> #oy; Kjypatw;Wf;F Vw;g tho;f;ifj; Njitia epiwT nra;jy; fhuzkhf cUkhw;wk; mile;J te;Js;sd.                     Fuq;fpy; ,Ue;J kdpjd;

,d;W ehk; fhZk;> kuk;> nrb> nfhbfs; flypy; ,Ue;J fiuapy; tpOe;j rpW rhjhisapd; gbkyHr;rp MFk;.

kdpjid vLj;Jf; nfhz;lhy; mtd; “KOrhff; flTshy; gilf;fg;gltpy;iy> kz;zpd; nrOikahy; xd;W $b cz;lhd capuZf;fspd; gbkyHr;rpNa (gupkhz tsHr;rpNa) kdpjd;. mjhtJ G+r;rpaha;> GOtha;> ej;ijaha;> kPdha;> gwitaha;> Fuq;fha; tsHe;J ,Wjpapy; mtw;wpd; jpUj;j cUtkha; kdpjd; Njhd;wpdhd;” vd lhHtpd; gbkyHr;rpf; Nfhl;ghL%yk;epWtpdhH.                                                                                                       

kdpjd; CHtd epiyiaf; fle;J ehY fhyhy; elf;Fk; Fuq;F epiy va;jpg; gpd;dH tise;j KJif NeH epkpHj;jp ehY fhy;fspy; ,uz;ilf; iffshfg; gad;gLj;jp kPjp ,uz;L fhyhy; elf;ff; fw;Wf; nfhz;L kuf; nfhg;GfSf;Fg; gjpy; Fbir fl;b rpw;rpy fUtpfisr; nra;J thog; gy ,yl;rk; Mz;Lfs; vLj;jJ vd lhHtpd; tpsf;fpdhH.

cyfj;ijAk; mjpYs;s capHfisAk; flTs; gilj;jhH> miuFiwahf my;y xt;nthd;iwAk; KOjhfNt gilj;jhH> mNj Nghy; MwwpT gilj;j MizAk; ngz;izAk; flTNs gilj;jhH vd;Wk; kjq;fSk; kjthjpfSk; nrhy;yp te;j gilg;Gf; Nfhl;ghl;il lhHtpdpd; gbkyHr;rpf; Nfhl;ghL jfHj;J vwpe;jJ.

lhHtpdpd; gbkyHr;rpf; Nfhl;ghL capupdq;fs; jk; epiy Ngw;Wf;fhfg; NghuhLfpd;wd> ,Wjpapy; jFjpAs;sit kl;LNk jg;gpg;gpiof;fpd;wd (The Struggle for Existence and Survival of the Fittest) vdf;$wpaJ.

lhHtpd; gy Mz;Lfs; ehLehlhfr; nrd;W Ma;T nra;J vOjpa capupdq;fspd; %yk; (The Origin of Species) vd;w Ehy; 1859 ,y; ntspte;jNghJ> kdpj tuyhw;wpy; mJtiu fhyKk; mtpo;f;fg;glhj gy Kbr;Rf;fs; mtpo;f;fg;gl;ld. .capupdq;fspd; %yk; Kjy; gjpg;G KOJk; (1>250 gbfs;) xNu ehspy; tpw;W Kbe;jd. .cyfk; fz;buhj xU rpe;jidg;Gul;rpia 230 gf;fq;fs; nfhz;l me;j Ehy; Vw;gLj;jpaJ. mjw;F Kd;dH 1842 Mk; Mz;L ,aw;ifj; NjHTf; Nfhl;ghL (Theory of Natural Selection) vd;w rpW Ehiy vOjpntspapl;lhH. lhHtpd; gbkyHr;rp gw;wp nkhj;jk; 18 Ehy;fs; vOjpdhH.

lhHtpd; 1874 Mk; Mz;L kdpjd; Fuq;fpypUe;J gbkyHr;rp ngw;wtd; (Man is the developed monkey) vdg; gy rhd;Wfs; %ykhf vLj;Jf;fhl;bdhH.

lhHtpdpd; gbkyHr;rpf; Nfhl;ghL kjthjpfs; kj;jpapy;> Fwpg;ghfr; nry;thf;Fg; gilj;j fpwpj;jt kjthjpfs; kj;jpapy;> jpifg;igAk; tpag;igAk; mr;rj;ijAk; cUthf;fpaJ. .gukz;lyk; gw;wpAk; nrhHf;fj;ijg;gw;wpAk; eufj;ijg;gw;wpAk; NgrpAk; vOjpAk; te;j kjFUkhHf;Fr; nrhy;yp khshj rpdk; Vw;gl;lJ. .lhHtpDk; mtH vOjpa EhYk; gyj;j fz;ldj;Jf;Fk; vjpHGf;Fk; cs;shfpaJ. kjthjpfs; gbkyHr;rpf; Nfhl;ghl;ilf; fLikahf vjpHj;jhHfs;. ‘mz;lk;> mjpy; mlq;fpa cyfk; midj;Jk; flTshy; gilg;fg;gl;lit mjid kWg;gtHfs; rhj;jhdpd; mtjhuq;fs;’ vd vd;idf; fhjypf;fpwhah?        MaH tpy;gNghH]; (Bishop Wilburforce)  
                              fLikahff; Fw;wk;rhl;bdhH.

capupdq;fspd; %yk; vd;w Ehy; Ehy; ntspte;j MW khjj;Jf;Fs; (A+d; 30> 1860) ele;j nrhw;Nghupy; MaH tpy;gNghH]; gpd;tUkhW NgrpdhH-

“kjpg;Gf;Fupa kfhrdq;fNs! guk gpjhtpd; ngauhy; ehd; cq;fis xd;W Nfl;fpNwd;> rhj;jhdpd; mtjhukhd rhHy;]; lhHtpd; ePq;fnsy;yhk; Fuq;fpypUe;J Njhd;wpatHfs; vd;W nfhQ;rKk; ehf; $rhkhy; $wpapUf;fpwhd;. ePq;fNs nrhy;Yq;fs;? cq;fisf; fhy;NkYk; Njhs;NkYk; Nghl;Lr; rPuhl;b tsHj;j cq;fSila ghl;ld;khHfSk; Kg;ghl;ld;khHfSk; Fuq;Ffsh? ,ij ePq;fs; Vw;Wf; nfhs;fpwPHfsh?

Fuq;fpypUe;J Njhd;wpa kdpjd; ,j;jid ,yl;rk; Mz;LfSf;Fg; gpd;Dk; ve;jtpj gbkyHr;rp nfhs;shky; mg;gbNa ,Uf;fpd;whd;? Vd; mtDf;F ,d;Dk; xU nfhk;Ngh> xU ,wf;ifNah> xU thNyh my;yJ NtW vJTNk cz;.lhftpy;iy? Fuq;fpd; gbkyHr;rp kdpjd; vd;why; kdpjdpd; gbkyHr;rp vd;d?

,tw;iw vy;yhk; rpe;jpj;Jg; ghHf;fhky; ek;ikg; gilj;j Mz;ltid Vsdk; nra;tJ vj;jid ngupa ghtk; vd;gij ePq;fs; czutpy;iyah?”

,t;thW nrhy;yhly; nra;fpd;;w kjthjpfs; xd;iw kwe;J tpLfpd;whHfs; .cyfk; flTshy; gilf;fg;gl;lJ vd;why; flTisg; gilj;jtH ahH vd;w Nfs;tp vOfpwJ. mtH ahuhYk; gilf;fg;gltpy;iy vd;why; ,aw;ifapd; nray;fspy; fhuzk; (VJ) ,d;wp tpisT (fhupak;) ,y;iy vd;gjhy; flTSk; gilf;fg;gl;ltNu vd xg;Gf; nfhs;s Ntz;b NeupLk;.

,e;Jfisg; nghWj;jstpy; lhHtpdpd; gbkyHr;rpf; Nfhl;ghL xd;Wk; Gjpajy;y> mjid khzpf;fthrfH xd;gjhk; Ehw;whz;bNyNa nrhy;yptpl;lhH vd;whHfs;. khzpf;fthrfH mg;gb vd;djhd; nrhd;dhH?

Gy; Mfpg; G+lha;g; GOtha; kuk; Mfpg;
gy; kpUfk; Mfpg; gwitaha; ghk;G Mfp
fy;yha; kdpjuha;g; Ngaha;f; fzq;fsha;
ty; mRuH Mfp Kdptuha;j; Njtuha;r;
nry;yhm epd;w ,j;jhtu rq;fkj;Js;
vy;yhg; gpwg;Gk; gpwe;J ,isj;Njd;………(rptGuhzk;)

vd khzpf;fthrfH ghba rptGuhzj;ij Nkw;Nfhs; fhl;Lfpd;whHfs;. Mdhy; ,e;jg; ghlypy; gbkyHr;rp nrhy;yg;gltpy;iy. Vw;fdNt gilf;fg;gl;l capupdq;fs; khwp khwpg; gy gpwg;Gg; gpwe;J ,isj;jijNa khzpf;fthrfH Fwpg;gpLfpd;whH.

tp\;Z vLj;j gj;J mtjhuq;fspy; Kjy; ma;e;J mtjhuq;fshd kPd; (kr;rk;)> Mik ($Hkk;)> gd;wp (tuhfk;)> thkdk; (Fs;sd;)> ghjp kdpjd; ghjp kpUfk; (eurpq;fk;) gbkyHr;rpf; Nfhl;ghl;ilf; fhl;LfpwJ vd;gJ jpupGthjk; MFk;.

vJ vg;gb ,Ug;gpDk; ,d;W gbkyHr;rpf; Nfhl;ghL epWtpaJ Nghy; Fuq;fpy; ,Ue;Jjhd; kdpjd; Njhd;wpdhd; vd;gij mwptpayhsHfs; Vw;Wf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;whHfs;.

Vwj;jho ,uz;lhapuk; Mz;Lfshf mz;lk;gw;wp mup];Njhl;ly;> gpshl;Nlh> njhykp KjypNahH vOjp itj;j Nfhl;ghLfis NfhngHdpf;f];> nfg;yH> fypypNah fypyp> ma;rf; epA+l;ld; Nghd;w thdpayhsHfs; jiyfPohf khw;wp mikj;jhHfs;! Fwpg;ghf NfhngHdpf;f]; mz;lj;jpd; ikaj;jpy; ,Ue;j Gtpia vLj;Jtpl;L me;j ,lj;jpy; Qhapiw itj;jNghJ fpwpj;Jt kjj;jpd; mbj;jsNk Ml;lk; fz;lJ. fpwpj;jt kjFUkhHfs; gijj;Jg; NghdhHfs;! Xb xspa ,lkpd;wpj; jtpj;Jg; NghdhHfs;!

,aw;gpayhsH my;Ngl; mapd;];jPdpd; (Albert Einstein ) nghJ rhHGf; Nfhl;ghL ( General Theory of Relativity) ,aw;gpaypy; Gul;rpfu khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;jpaJ. mz;lj;jpy; Mff;$ba Ntfk; xspapd; Ntfj;ij tpQ;r KbahJ> gUg;nghUSk; Mw;wYk; kjpg;gpy; xg;ghdit> xd;W kw;nwhd;whf khwf; $bait vd;w mtuJ fz;Lgpbg;Gf;fs; ,aw;gpay; tuyhw;wpy; xU Gjpa jpUg;G Kidia Vw;gLj;jp ,aw;ifapd; Kbr;Rf;fis mtpo;f;f cjtpaJ.

mwptpay; fz;L gpbj;j ePuhtp> kpd;dhw;wy;> mZrf;jp njhopy;j;Jiwapy; jiy fPo; khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;jpAs;sd. mr;Rae;jpuj;jpd; fz;L gpbg;G (fpgp 1450) fy;tp xsp gue;Jgl;l mbj;jl;Lg; nghJ kf;fisAk; nrd;wila top tFj;jJ.

kpjptz;bfs;> CHjpfs;> njhlHtz;bfs;> fg;gy;fs;> Mfha tpkhdq;fs; Nghf;Ftuj;ij Jupjg;gLj;jpAs;sJ. jPuhj Neha;fs; vdf; fUjg;gl;l ePupopT> vYk;GUf;fp> njhONeha; Nghd;wtw;iwf; Fzg;gLj;j kUe;Jfs; fz;L gpbf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. nfhs;is Neha; (plague) mk;ik> ,sk;gps;is thjk;> Ff;fy;> njhz;il mow;rp (diphtheria) Nghd;w Neha;fSf;Fj; jLg;G Crp fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;L mit Kw;whfj; jLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

Gjpatif ney;> NfhJik czT cw;gj;jpia mjpfupj;Js;sJ.

,tw;why; kdpjdJ nghJNkdp mfit caHe;Js;sJ. nghJNkdp tUtha; mjpfupj;Js;sJ.

thndhyp> jpiug;glk;> njhiyNgrp> njhiyefy;> njhiyf;fhl;rp> fzpdp> tpz;fyq;fs; jfty; Gul;rpiaj; Njhw;Wtpj;Js;sd.

mwptpay; fz;L gpbj;j VTfizfs;> tpz; xlq;fs;> ,uhl;rj njhiyNehf;fpfs; ,aYyfpd; (mz;lj;jpd;) GjpHfis mtpo;f;fTk; kdpjid epyhtpy; ,wf;fTk; top tFj;Js;sd.

Mdhy; jkpoHfs; xUGwk; mwptpay; fz;L gpbj;jtw;iw mDgtj;jpf; nfhz;L kWGwk; Nrhjplk; Nghd;w %lek;gpf;iffspy; %o;fpg; Ngha;f; fplf;fpd;whHfs;. gy Nfhb fw;fSf;F mg;ghy; cs;s nrt;tha;> tpahod;> rdp Mfpa Nfhs;fisg; ghHj;J eLq;Ffpd;whHfs;. mtw;why; Njhrk; Vw;gLfpwJ vd;W gae;J Njhrk; ePq;fr; rhe;jp nra;fpd;whHfs;.

jkpoHfs; ehs; Nfhs;> el;rj;jpuk; ghHf;fhky; ve;j ey;y epfo;itAk; njhlq;Ftjpy;iy. gpwe;j gps;isf;Fg; ngaH itf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;whYk; gQ;rhq;fj;ijg; ghuhky;> vz;rhj;jpuk; ghHf;fhky; nra;tjpy;iy. mwptpay; fz;L gpbj;j kfpOe;Jit thq;fptpl;L Kjy; Ntiyahf mjw;Fj; Njq;fha; cilj;Jj; jpUl;b fopf;fpd;whHfs;. mijf; fz;L gpbj;j mwptpayhsHfisNah> mij cw;gj;jp nra;j njhopyhsHfisNah xU fzkhtJ ed;wpNahL epidj;Jg; ghHg;gjpy;iy.

jpUkzk; vd;why; Nfl;fNt Ntz;lhk;. gbg;gwptpy;yhj Nrhjpluplk; Mz; - ngz; ,UtuJ rhjfq;fisf; fhl;bg; nghUj;jk; ghHf;fhky; jkpoHfs; tPl;by; jpUkzk; eil ngWtjpy;iy. gy;fiyf; fofj;jpy; gbj;j mwptpay; gl;ljhupfs; $l ,jw;F tpjptpyf;fy;y. nghUj;jk; ghHj;Jr; nra;j jpUkzq;fs; Njhy;tpapy; Kbe;jijf; fz;Lk; Nfl;Lk; gbg;gpid gbf;fhJ nrf;Fkhl;ilg; Nghy; cuiyr; Rw;wpf; nfhz;Nl ,Uf;fpd;whHfs;.

“jkpo; kf;fs; vUikfisg; Nghy vg;NghJk; <uj;jpNyNa cl;fhUfpd;whHfs;> <uj;jpNyNa elf;fpd;whHfs;> <uj;jpNyNa gLf;fpd;whHfs;.  <uj;jpNyNa rikay;> <uj;jpNyNa czT> cyHe;j jkpod;  kUe;Jf;Ff; $l mfg;glkhl;lhd;” vd kfhftp ghujpahH kdk; nehe;J $wpa thHj;ijfs; EhW Mz;Lfs; fopj;Jk; rupahfNt ,Uf;fpd;wd!

vy;yhtw;Wf;Fk; kdpjdJ kdNk fhuzpahFk;. kdkJ nrk;ikahdy; ke;jpuk; Njitapy;iy.

vd;gJ kfhftp ghujpahupd; ngha;ah nkhop.

Nrhjplk; Nghd;w %lek;gpf;ifapd; Cw;whf ,e;jpa Jizf; fz;lNk tpsq;FfpwJ. Nkw;Fyf ehLfs; Nghy; my;yhJ mq;F kj ek;gpf;ifAk; Nrhjpl ek;gpf;ifAk; xd;NwhL xd;W gpupf;f KbahjthW gpd;dpg; gpize;J fplf;fpd;wd.

,e;jpahtpy; ele;j Kj;jug;Gf; fpupf;nfl; Nghl;bapd; NghJ Nrhjpl rhj;jpupfs; filtpupj;jhHfs;.

cyff; fpz;zj;Jf;fhd  JLg;ghl;lg; Nghl;bapy;  ,e;j Kiw  ,e;jpahjhd; ntw;wpthif #Lk; vd vjpHT$wy; (M&lk;) nrhd;d mj;jid gpugy NrhjplHfSk; kz;izf; ft;tpdhHfs;. nra;jpahsHfs; 16 Mk; Ehw;whz;by; tho;e;j gpugy NrhjplH neh];ulhikf; (Nostradamus) $l tpl;L itf;ftpy;iy. mtH #rfkhf  cyff; fpz;zj;ij ,e;jpah ifg;gw;Wk; vdf; fzpj;Js;shH  vd;W 'fub' tpl;lhHfs;. me;jr; nra;jpf;Ff; nfhLj;j jiyg;G  'Nfhg;ig ,e;jpa mzpf;F> neh];ulhk; fzpg;G' vd;gjhFk;.

'xU ,sturH (nfhy;fj;jh ,sturH fq;Fyp) Mgpupf;fhtpy; elf;Fk; xU Nghupy; (cyff; fpz;zg; Nghl;b) XH ,isatNuhL (rr;rpd; my;yJ Nrtf;) ,ize;J me;jg; Nghuhl;lj;jpy; ntw;wp ngw;W kfpo;r;rp milthH.'

ahH ,e;j neh];ulhk;? epA+l;lid> khHf;Nfhdpia> vbrid> mapd;];jPidj; njupahNjhH $l ,e;j neh];ulhik mwpe;J itj;jpUf;fpd;wdH.

neh];ulhk; (1503-1566) A+j ,dj;jtH. njd; gpuhd;]; ehl;bd; Saint Remi vd;w khfhzj;jpy; gpwe;jtH. mtuJ ,aw;ngaH Michel de Nostredame vd;gjhFk;. mjid ,yj;jPd; nkhopapy; Nostradamus vd khw;wp itj;Jf; nfhz;lhH.

Nrhjplg; Gul;L (2)

Inquisition vd;w rka jz;lidf;Fg; gae;J fj;Njhypf;f kjj;Jf;F neh];ulhkpd; FLk;gk; khwpaJ.  rpW gpuhaj;jpNyNa jdJ ghl;ldhuplk; ,Ue;J fzf;fpay;> thdpay;> Nrhjplk; Mfpa ghlq;fisf; Nfl;lwpe;J nfhz;lhH. gpd;dH kUj;Jtuhfg; gbj;Jg; gl;lk; ngw;W 1525 ,y; njhopy; nra;aj; njhlq;fpdhH. mg;NghJ njd; gpuhd;rpy; ,lk; ngw;w nfhs;is Neha;f;F  (plague) Mshd gpzpahspfSf;F kUj;Jtk; nra;jhH. GJikahd Kiwapy; kUj;Jtk; nra;J gyiuf; Fzg;gLj;jpajhy; mtH xU ifNjHe;j kUj;JtH vdg; Nghw;wg;gl;lhH. ,jd; tpisthf mtuJ ngaH kf;fs; kj;jpapy; ed;F mwpKfk; MdJ.

neh];ulhk; jdJ vjpHT$wiy ehd;F tupfs; nfhz;l ftpij tbtpy; (quatrains) vJif NkhidNahL vOjpdhH. mg;gbg; gj;J EhW ftpijfis vOjpdhH.  mjw;F mtH itj;j  ngaH  Centuries. ,e;jr; nrhy;Yf;Fg; nghUs; Ehw;whz;L my;y. ntWkNd EhW ftpijfs; vd;gJ nghUs; MFk;.

mtH ifahz;l eil G+lfkhf (kiwnghUshf) ,Ue;jJ. Ntz;Lk; vd;Nw ,yj;jPd;> fpNuf;f> ,j;jhyp nkhopr; nrhw;fisg; GFj;jp vOjpdhH. gbg;gtHfis kaq;f itf;FkhW nrhw;fisAk; nrhw;fspd; vOj;Jf;fisAk; khw;wpAk; vOjpdhH. jd;id xU #dpaf;fhud; my;yJ ke;jputhjp vd;W kw;wtHfs; fzpf;ff; $lhnjd;gjw;fhfNt mg;gbr; nra;jjhfr; nrhy;fpwhHfs;.

,e;j Ehypy; 16 Mk; Ehw;whz;bd; eLg;gFjpapy; ,Ue;J cyfk; KbAk; tiu eilngwg; Nghfpw epfo;r;rpfis vjpHT$wy; $wpdhH. cyfk; fpgp 3797Mk; Mz;L Kbtile;J tpLk; vd;gJ mtuJ vjpHT$wy; MFk;!

vy;yhtw;iwAk; G+lfkhf vOjp itj;jjhy; mtUf;Fg; gpd; te;jtHfs; mtw;iwj; jq;fs; jq;fs; trjpf;F Vw;g jpupj;Jk; tisj;Jk; nghUs; nfhz;lhHfs;. vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf Hisler vd;w nrhy;iyg; gpd;te;jtHfs;  Hitler vdg; nghUs; nfhz;lhHfs;. Black vd;w nrhy; KNrhypdpiaf; Fwpg;gjhfg; nghUs; nfhz;lhHfs;.  ,g;gb neh];ulhk; vOjpatw;iwj; jq;fs; trjpf;F Vw;wthW frf;fp> jpupj;J> tisj;Jg; nghUs; nfhz;lhHfs;.   

nrg;njk;gH 11 (2001) Mk; ehs; epA+NahHf; efupy; cs;s tzpff; NfhGuq;fs; jhf;fp mopf;fg;gl;ljy;yth? mJgw;wp  neh];ulhk; M&lk; $wpapUf;fpwhuh? vd;gij mwpa vy;NyhUk; mtH vOjpa Centuries  Ehiyg; Gul;bdhHfs;. vd;d tpag;G? mjpy; gpd; tUkhW vOjg;gl;bUe;jJ>

Two steel birds will fall from the sky on the Metropolis
The sky will burn at forty-five degrees latitude
Fire approaches the great new city
Immediately a huge, scattered flame leaps up
Within months, rivers will flow with blood
The undead will roam earth for little time.

,uz;L v/Fg; gwitfs; thdj;jpy; ,Ue;J jiyefH kPJ tpOk;
thdk; ehw;gj;ije;J ghif FWf;Ff; Nfhl;by; vupAk;
jP me;jg; ngUefuj;ij mz;kpf;Fk;
clNd rpjWz;l ngupa jPr; Rthiy NkNy gha;e;njOk;
rpy khjq;fSf;Fs; MWfspy; FUjp XLk;
kbahj khe;jH nrhw;g fhyk; cyfpy; miye;J jpupthHfs;.

%f;fpy; tpuiy itf;fpwPHfsh? neh];ulhk; vt;tsT ngupa Nrhjpl rpfhkzp> Nrhjpl Qhdp> Nrhjpl tpw;gd;dH vd kiyf;fpwPHfsh? nrg;njk;gH 11ia vt;tsT Jy;ypakhf vjpHT$wy; nrhy;ypapUf;fpd;whH vd;W jpiff;fpwPHfsh?

nfhQ;rk; nghWq;fs;> ,J XH ,ilr; nrUf;fy;. ahNuh xU FWk;Gf;fhud; njhlH tiyaj;jpy; ,jid vOjp itj;J tpl;lhd;. neh];ulhk; vOjpa vjpHT$wy;fspy; fhzg;gl;l tupfisj; jpUb ,e;jg; ghliyg; Gide;Jtpl;lhd;.  neh];ulhk; ,uz;L v/Fg; gwitfisg;gw;wp vq;FNk Fwpg;gpltpy;iy. mJ Kw;W KOjhd fw;gidNahL $ba ,ilr; nrUf;fy; MFk;. 

,d;ndhd;iwAk; ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. neh];ulhkpd; vjpHT$wy;fs; ehd;F  tupnfhz;l ftpij. ,jpy; MW tupfs; fhzg;gLfpwJ. mJ kl;Lk; my;yhky; ,J vOjg;gl;lJ 1654 Mk; Mz;L vd;w Fwpg;G NtW Nghlg;gl;Ls;sJ. Mdhy; neh];ulhk; 1566 ,y; ,we;J NghdhH!  

,d;Wk; ,e;j Mrhkpapd; ngaiu itj;Jg; gyH gpioj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;whHfs;. mtiug;gw;wp vOJfpw Ehy;fs; cyfk; KOJk; ,yl;rf;fzf;fpy; tpw;gidahfpd;wd.

cyff; fpz;zg; Nghl;b gw;wp gpugy cs;SH NrhjplH  xUtH  Ke;jpupf; nfhl;ilNghy vy;NyhiuAk; Ke;jpf; nfhz;L xU NtWgl;l Kbitr; nrhd;dhH.

,Wjp Ml;lj;jpy; =yq;fhTk; nfd;ahTk; Nkhjpf; nfhs;Sk; vd;Wk; mjpy; nfd;ah mzp ntw;wp ngWk; vd;Wk; fpufq;fsJ epiyiaj; Jy;ypakhff; fzpj;J vjpHT$wy; nrhy;ypapUe;jhH.

,e;jr; nra;jpia Ntiy nkdf;fpl;L ,q;Fs;s jkpo;j; njhiyf;fhl;rpapy; cyff; fpz;zg; Nghl;bfs; gw;wp Ma;T nra;j XH Ma;thsH Fwpg;gpl;lhH. eifr; Ritf;fhfr; nrhd;dhNuh njupatpy;iy Mdhy; ahH me;jg; gpugy NrhjplH  vd;gij kl;Lk; mtH nrhy;ytpy;iy.

,e;jpa mzp ,e;jKiw cyff;  Nfhg;igf;Fg; Gwg;gLk; Kd;dNu KO ehLk; ahfk;> G+ir> Nfhkk;> rhe;jp> mUr;rid> rpwg;G mgpNrfq;fs; vd;W mkspg;gl;lJ. ,e;jpa mzpapd; ntw;wpf;fhfr; rpw;WhH Kjy; Ng&H tiu Ntw;Wikapd;wp Nfhapy;fspy; rpwg;Gg; G+irfs; ,lk;ngw;wd. Ehw;wpnal;Lf; Flq;fspy; ghyhgpNrfk; vy;yhk; ty;y gps;isahUf;Fr; nra;ag;gl;lJ. rpyH jpUg;gjpapy; nkhl;il NghLtjhf NeHj;jp itj;jhHfs;. ,tw;why; Nfhapy;fSf;F ey;y tUkhdk;. mUr;rfHfs; fhl;bYk; ey;y kio!

',d;dpd;d fhuzq;fshy; ,e;jpahTf;Fj;jhd; ntw;wp' vd;W vy;yhr; NrhjplHfSk; fzpg;Gr; nrhy;ypf; nfhz;bUe;jdH. 'rdpf;fpoik gpw;gfy; 1.30 kzpapy; rdp Xiu elf;fpwJ.... vdNt Kjypy; JLg;ngLj;J MLk; mzp ntw;wp ngWk;......' ,g;gbAk; XH vjpHT$wy; nrhy;yg;gl;lJ.  

xU NrhjplH JLg;ghl;lk; xspgug;ghfpf; nfhz;bUe;j njhiyf;fhl;rpg; ngl;bf;F NeH vjpupy; FU gfthd; (tpahod;) glj;ij itj;Jg; G+ir nra;J nfhz;bUe;jhH.  ,e;jpa mzpf;Ff; FUgfthd; mUshrp  toq;FthH  vd;W mtH ek;gpaNj mjw;Ff; fhuzk; MFk;. Nghl;b KbAk;tiu FU gfthd;  glj;Jf;Fk; njhiyf;fhl;rpg; ngl;bf;Fk; ,ilapy; ahiuAk; FWf;Nf elf;ff;$l mtH mDkjpf;ftpy;iy. fhuzk; FUgfthdJ rf;jp jilgl;Lg; Nghkhk;!

Mdhy; ,e;jpah-mT];jpNuypah ,uz;Lf;Fk; ,ilapyhd ,Wjpg; Nghl;bapy; ,e;jpa mzp nty;Yk; vd;W NrhjplHfs; fpuf epiyfis itj;Jj; Jy;ypakhff; fz;pj;Jr; nrhd;d vjpHT$wy; gpioj;J tpl;lJ! ahfq;fs;> G+irfs;> mUr;ridfs;> mgpNrfq;fs; Mfpatw;why; fpufq;fisNah flTsiuNah tpiyf;F thq;fr; NrhjplHfshYk; gf;jHfshYk; Kbatpy;iy!

JLg;ghl;lk; Nghd;w tpisahl;by; jpwikahd mzp ntw;wpngWk; vd;gJ nghJ tpjp MFk;. gj;jpy; xd;gJ Kiw jpwikahd mzpNa nty;Yk; tha;g;G cz;L. gj;jpy; xUKiw Gweilahfj; jpwikahd mzp Njhw;ff; $Lk;.

,e;jpa-mT];jpNuypah ,Wjpg; Nghl;bapy; mT];jpNuypa mzpf;Nf nty;Yk; tha;g;G ,Ue;jJ. Vnddpy; mJ Mba Kd;ida Ml;lq;fs; mj;jidapYk; ntw;wp ngw;wpUe;jJ. mjhtJ njhlHe;J 16 Ml;lq;fspy; ntw;wp ngw;W te;jpUf;fpwJ. ,Wjp Ml;lj;jpy; mJ Njhw;wpUe;jhy; mJ Gweilahf ,Ue;jpUf;Fk;.

vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf ekPgh ,e;j Kiwjhd; Kjd; Kjypy; cyff; fpz;zj;Jf;fhd Nghl;bapy; fye;J nfhz;lJ. mJ Mba vy;yh Ml;lq;fspYk; Njhy;tpiaj; jOtpaJ. mjw;F Kf;fpa VJ jpwik kw;Wk; gl;lwpT ,d;ik MFk;. mjd; Njhy;tpia ve;jf; FUgfthdhYk; khw;wptpl KbahJ.

,d;ndhU NrhjplH mnkupf;f - ,uhf; rz;il njhlq;fp ,uz;lhk; ehs; rz;il epd;WtpLk; vd;W fzpj;Jr; nrhd;dhH. tof;fk;Nghy; mJTk; gpioj;J tpl;lJ. ,ij vOJk;NghJ ( khHr;R 2003) 15 ehs;fshfg; NghH njhlHfpwJ.

nrd;idapy; trpf;Fk; MH.Nf. gftjpuh[; vd;w th];J epGzH ‘njypg;gjp’ mjpHTfisf; nfhz;L  JLg;ghl;lk;  cl;gl ahUila ntw;wp Njhy;tpiaAk; Jy;ypakhff; fzpf;f KbAk; vd;W xU GJf; fubia mtpl;L tpl;bUf;fpd;whH.

Nrhjplg; Gul;L (3)

NrhjplH> xUtd; gpwe;j Neuj;jpy; ,g; Gtpiar; Rw;wpf; fpof;Fk; Nkw;Fkhf NkYk; fPOkhf thd tPjpapy; glHe;Js;s  12 tpz;kPd; (.,uhrp) kz;lyq;fs;> 12 ,uhrp tPLfs; kw;Wk; thd tPjpapy; tyk; tUk; 9 Nfhs;fs; (fpufq;fs;) 27 el;rj;jpuq;fs; Mfpatw;wpd; mbg;gilapNyNa gyd; nrhy;fpd;whH.  

Mdhy; th];J epGzH xU kdpjdpd; ed;ik jpd;ik> eyk; eykpd;ik>  caHT jho;T> nry;tk; tWik vy;yhtw;iwAk; mtd; FbapUf;Fk; tPl;;bd; mikg;G> thry;> jpir KbT fl;LfpwJ vd;fpd;whH.  

'xU kdpjdpd; ed;ik jPikia mtH FbapUf;Fk; tPl;bd; th];J mikg;G epHzapf;fpwJ vd;gJ tpQ;Qhd g+Ht cz;ikahFk;. Foe;ijr; nry;tk; ,y;yhky; NghtJ> kdepiy ghjpj;j MNzh> ngz;Nzh ,Ug;gJ> jPuhj Neha; gPbj;jpUg;gJ> jpUkzj; jilfs; cUthFtJ> gbg;G ke;jepiy vd;W ,d;Dk; gy;NtW jPikfs; th];J Fiw ghLs;s tPl;bdhy; Vw;gLk;. mjw;F me;j tPl;bd; Fiwfisr; rhp nra;tJ kpf Kf;fpak;.  

mNjNghy; Mz;ltd; ciwAk; Nfhapy;fSf;Fk; th];J Fiwfs; ,Ue;jhy; me;jf; Nfhapy; vt;tsT nghpjhf ,Ue;jhYk; rpwg;Gg; ngwhj epiyapy;jhd; ,Uf;Fk;.  

th];J FiwAs;s ,lq;fspy; mkHe;J nra;Ak; njhopy;fSk; el;lj;jpy; jhd; KbAk;. rpdpkhg; gl mYtyfj;jpw;Fk; ,J nghUe;Jk;. njd;dpe;jpaj; jpiug;gl njhopyhsH rk;Nksdk; (ngg;rp)> ];lz;l; a+dpad;> mguh[pj; gl epWtdk;>  eld ,af;FdH yypjhkzp> iluf;lH b.gp. fN[e;jpud; Nghd;w gy;NtW gpugy jpiuAyfpdhpd; tPL> mYtyfk; rhpahd th];J Kiwapy; khw;wp;f; nfhLj;jpUf;fpNwd;.  gl mjpgHfs; gp.vy;. Njdg;gd;> iluf;lH b. uhN[e;jH  Nghd;wtHfSf;F MNyhrid toq;fp ,Uf;fpNwd;.

,J jtpu ,yq;if> rpq;fg;g+H> kNyrpah Nghd;w ntspehl;by; cs;stHfSk; MNyhrid ngw;Ws;sdH. Nfush> Me;jpuh> fHehlfh> Kk;ig Nghd;w khepyq;fSf;Fk; Nehpy; nrd;W th];J fzpj;Jj; je;jpUf;fpNwd;.

,Jtiu th];J gw;wp 3 Gj;jfq;fs; vOjp ,Uf;fpNwd;. ,e;jg;  Gj;jfq;fis mz;zh gy;fiyf; fofj